機車用安全帽之人因分析研究

A Study on Ergonomic Analysis of Motorcycle Helmet

洪奇羽(Chi-Yu Hung)

指導教授 ： 吳志富

大同大學/設計學院/工業設計學系所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

在許多車禍事故的案例中，機車騎士因安全帽滑落或安全帽尺寸不合適，導致頭部不但沒有受到安全帽的良好保護反而造成更大的傷害。本研究擬從原安全帽選購時之頭圍要素中，增加頭型、頭長、頭寬這三項因素，分析適合使用者頭部之機車安全帽，期使安全帽更貼合人體頭部，亦使得安全帽不會晃動，且有良好保護效果。因此本研究先探討現有機車用安全帽的相關設計規範，利用逆向3D掃描工程擷取頭部特徵，並結合電腦3D軟體和集群分析分類出幾類頭型特徵，找出能讓使用者適合於自己頭部的安全帽，並探討其頭部適合之差異原因。研究結果顯示：頭型屬於I群的使用者無法挑選到真正滿足自己頭部的安全帽，主要因後腦勺較於扁平，而安全帽的設計都是趨於圓弧，因此挑選上容易產生錯誤。使用者頭圍雖然相同、頭型卻有明顯的差異，並且佩帶符合頭圍的安全帽還是對於頭部仍有明顯的不合適。一般人為了講求舒服，常會誤選較大於自己頭部的安全帽。透過3D逆向掃描、及3D軟體的分析，證實安全帽除了要標示出頭圍的標示外，還需要再標示長寬比，讓使用者更清楚了解那頂安全帽是最符合是自己的頭部。研究結果所獲得的結論，可提供設計者在未來安全帽開發的相關建議，及讓消費者便於挑選合適自己的安全帽。

關鍵字

關鍵字：安全帽、頭形、頭圍、3D逆向掃描

並列摘要

Motorbike riders often get serious head injuries due to weak protection from mismatched helmets or helmets falling in various traffic accidents. This research plans to add three factors- head shape, head length and head width- to head circumference when it comes to choosing helmets while analyzing suitable helmets for motorbike riders. Hope to develop the perfect-fit helmets that do not shake or slide with better protection for users. Therefore, it reviews current design norms regarding helmets by using 3D laser scanning to retrieve head characteristics combining 3D software and colony analysis to classify certain head form characteristics and mismatched reasons, so users can find helmets suit for themselves. The result shows reasons why users aren’t able to find their ideal helmets due to shape of hindbrain being too flat while most helmets are close to round shape. This could be an obvious mistake. Although head circumference is the same, head shape is apparently different. It reminds obvious mismatched while users wearing helmets that fit their head circumference. Generally speaking, users often wrongly choose mismatched helmets in accordance with comfort. Through 3D laser scanning and software analysis, the research indicates that ideal helmets should be labeled with not only head circumference but length and width ratio to help users to find the right ones for them. Conclusions from this research offer some design norms to designers and ideal standards to consumers in the near future.

並列關鍵字

3D laser scanning ； Keywords: helmet ； head form ； head circumference

參考文獻

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