社會企業商業模式關鍵成功因素之研究

Key Success Factors in Social Enterprise Business Models

陳隆輝(Long-Hui Chen) ； 薛昭義(Chao-Yi Hsueh) ； 黃子明(Zi-Ming Huang)

《中山管理評論》 26卷3期 (2018/09) Pp. 381-414

https://doi.org/10.6160/SYSMR.201809_26(3).0001

摘要

2014年行政院公布「社會企業行動方案」，引用興起於歐美的社會企業概念，以解決台灣的一些社會問題。但台灣社會企業發展經驗落後歐美，因此，探討社會企業商業模式關鍵成功因素即為重要的議題。本研究以立意抽樣挑選5家台灣社會企業，並以Osterwalder商業模式為架構，進行訪談並萃取資料。再透過修正式德菲法，由專家群體決定出評估之準則，並將結果用以建構AHP問卷之層級架構，包括4大構面與15項關鍵成功因素進行實證。研究結果發現，｢價值認同｣、｢社會使命｣、｢顧客關係｣、｢社會創新｣與｢價值主張｣等，位列前10項重要因素，整體15項因素亦符合多數學者提出之經濟與社會雙重目的。最後，提出研究建議，做為台灣社會企業經營之參考，達成政策推動之美意。

關鍵字

社會企業 ； 商業模式 ； 關鍵成功因素 ； 層級分析法 ； 德菲法

並列摘要

The Taiwan government's executive branch announced the ＂Project for Social Enterprises Action Plan,＂ As such, ideas and concepts used by social enterprises in the US and Europe offer new possible solutions for addressing problems in Taiwanese society. It is important to examine the key success factors for social enterprise business models. In this paper, we use purposive sampling methods with five Taiwanese social enterprises serving as case studies. Adopting Alexander Osterwalder's ＂Business Model Canvas＂ as a framework, we designed interview guidelines and carried out semi-structured interviews for these case studies. After compiling data and information from the interviews, a summary of main items was created. This summary was used to produce evaluation criteria for social enterprise business models by employing the Modified Delphi Method with expert panels that included scholars in related fields and business professionals. Taking these results, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was then used as a framework to create expert questionnaires. These results consist of 4 Dimensions and 15 key success factors. At the final stage, empirical data was collected and used to calculate a numerical weight or priority for each element of the hierarchy. In summary, this paper has found that in business models value identification, social purpose, customer relationship, social innovation, and value proposition received the highest weighted scores. These results are in line with our interviews, as well as with the economic and social purposes of social enterprises as defined by scholars. Finally, social enterprise organizations are encouraged to refer to this paper's 15 key success factors and deploy operational resources in agreement with the stated operational definitions, so as to better achieve corresponding organizational goals and realize their specific social missions and values.

並列關鍵字

Social Enterprises ； Business Model ； Key Success Factors ； Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) ； Delphi Method

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