空間文化意象的重塑：二十世紀前期外來殖民勢力擴張下的三峽大豹社域

在二十世紀之前，臺北盆地大嵙崁溪（今大漢溪）中游支流三角湧溪（今三峽溪）流域的山林谷地，原係大豹群原住民的生活領域。伴隨著清帝國閩粵地區漢族移民的拓墾步伐以及十九世紀後期「開山撫番」事業的推進，使得這片原住民的活動空間日漸暴露在外人的文化視界中。到了二十世紀前期，日本殖民統治者逐步對大豹群的生活領域展開武力征服，並採取強制移民的手段，致使大豹群在大漢溪中游三峽地區絕跡，以利於三井合名會社等資本主義勢力，能後顧無憂地在這處「美麗新世界」中開發山林物產。與此同時，外來殖民者更運用各種宣傳方式，在意識形態的層面上，重新刻劃原屬大豹社域的空間文化內涵，形塑出嶄新的「三峽意象」，就此讓這片土地「脫胎換骨」，成為他們心目中奇貨可居且可作為臺日籍商民安居樂業的「人間淨土」。藉由這項研究，有助於我們考察在異文化的接觸過程中，掌握知識詮釋權的外來殖民統治者如何透過地域空間之文化意象的重塑，以達成其政治目的，連帶將原本的暴力侵略以及官商勾結的行為，裝飾成或美化為文明進展的必要過程。

關鍵字

大豹群；三峽；三角湧；大嵙崁；原住民

並列摘要

Before the twentieth century, the basin of the Sanchiaoyung River (Sanxia River), a branch deriving from the midstream of the Dakekan River (Dahan River) of Taipei Basin, was the living space of the indigenous Ncaq tribe. Accompanying the land reclamation of the Han immigrants from the Fujian and Guangdong area of the Qing China and ”the Cultivation of Mountain and Barbarians” policy of the late nineteenth century, this living space of the indigenous people was gradually exposed to the cultural sight of outsiders. In the early twentieth century, the Japanese colonial rulers, step by step, subdued the Ncaq people and forced them to migrate, which made them disappear from the Sanxia area of the midstream of the Dahan River. This action was to support the capitalist powers, such as the Mitsui Zaibatsu, to exploit this ”brave new world” without misgivings. At the same time, the foreign colonizers used various kinds of propaganda to reshape, in ideology, the cultural essence of this social domain of the Ncaq tribe; they established a brand-new ”Sanxia image”, ”re-bore” this land, and made it a precious ”paradise on earth” for those Japanese merchants and inhabitants in Taiwan. This research is to investigate how, when dissimilar cultures encountered, the foreign colonial rulers, who mastered the power of interpretation, reshaped the cultural image of a space and, by this way, embellished their violent incursion and ”business-government collision” as a necessary process of civilization.