氫氟酸中毒－毒藥物諮詢中心之個案分析

氫氟酸於各種工業上的使用堪稱普遍，而在半導體工業的應用上更屬頻繁。由於氫氟酸的屬性特殊，可在接觸人體後造成極嚴重的傷害，因此往往需要適當的處理與解毒劑的治療，才能阻止傷害的進行。在臺灣，因職業引起的氫氟酸中毒事件雖然時有所聞，但是關於中毒的發生率以及嚴重性，卻始終未有一具體的數據可供參考。為進一步了解本地氫氟酸中毒的概況，臺北榮民總醫院毒藥物防治諮詢中心針對1985至1997年間所接獲的九十件氫氟酸中毒個案，進行分析。根據分析的結果顯示，氫氟酸的中毒的個案以男性居多；而因職業引起的佔了67件(74.4%)，其中以半導體從業人員為大宗，約佔77.6%。至於中毒的嚴重程度則多為輕度中毒，不過亦有兩人因低血鈣而導致死亡。在氫氟酸中毒個素中，解毒劑（葡萄糖酸鈣）的使用比例僅佔46.7%，顯示適當的治療觀念仍有待加強。

關鍵字

氫氟酸中毒；低血鈣；葡萄糖酸鈣

並列摘要

Background: Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is commonly used in various industrial settings, especially in the manufacturing of semiconductors. Following HF exposure, severe local or systemic manifestations might occur which usually necessitates prompt decontamination and antidotal treatment. Although work-related HF exposures may be common, no study has been done to assess the prevalence and clinical severity of HF exposures in Taiwan. A retrospective study was conducted to better understand the spectrum of HF poisonings. Materials and methods: All patients reported to PCC-Taiwan during 1985 to 1997 were carefully reviewed. Their age, sex, occupation, time, route and area of exposure, clinical severity, treatment and outcome were then analyzed. Results: Totally 90 patients were recruited. Males were predominant (75.6%) in HF exposures. The majority of the cases aged between 20 to 40 years old (74.4%), with a range of 3 to 67 years. Skin (83.3%) was the most common route of exposure, while fingers (40%) were the most vulnerable areas. Most of the HF exposures (74.4%) were work-related, with labors in semiconductor (77.8%), chemical production (9.7%) and cleansing industries (6.9%) being most frequently involved. Most of the work-related HF exposures occurred during day shift (9am to 4pm). Following HF exposure, the overwhelming majority of patients only presented with either mild (62.2%) or moderate (30%) toxic effects. However, two patients died as a direct result of HF-induced hypocalcemia. Calcium gluconate was used in only 46.7% patients with a good recovery in most of the patients. Conclusions: HF exposures were mostly work-related. As the symptoms following low concentration HF exposure may be vague initially, timely treatment is not always possible. The unfamiliarity with the appropriate treatment of HF exposure also resulted in significant morbidity in some HF exposed patients. To prevent further HF related injury; adequate education and work surveillance program are warranted.

並列關鍵字

Hydrofluoric acid ； Intoxication ； Hypocalcemia ； Calcium gluconate

國際替代計量

氫氟酸中毒－毒藥物諮詢中心之個案分析

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