澎湖潛水人員潛水型態與減壓病之探討

此研究調查之目的，在於了解澎湖地區潛水人員之潛水型態與其較高潛水減壓病罹息率的相關性。在204位澎湖潛水人員得減壓病時，至醫院接受治療之詢問調查結果，統計如下：(1)年齡：平均39.7±9.7歲（16-65歲），30-50歲者最多佔60.3%，50歲以上佔23.0%。(2)教育程度：以國中學歷者佔最多為39.2%，其次國小以下佔34.3%，高中20.1%，大專及大專以上6.4%。(3)潛水訓練：曾經接受正規潛水訓練的潛水人員只有6%。(4)潛水經驗（年資）：平均10.3±4.3年（1-30年），大多為10年以上佔45.6%，其次3-10年佔28.9%。(5)最常潛水地點：以馬公沿海佔35.3%最多。(6)潛水深度：平均19.7±9.3公尺（5-45公尺），30公尺以內佔76.5%最多。(7)一般水下停留時問：平均43±2.3小時，4小時以上佔44.1%。(8)最常用的供氣方法：水面空壓機接管供氣佔70%，水肺佔23%，徒手閉氣潛水佔7％。(9)同伴共潛，從來沒有佔98%，很少佔2%。(10)減壓程序認知：知道者佔6%，不知道者佔94%。(11)減壓執行：從不照規定減壓者佔96%，很少者佔2.6%，有時候減壓者佔1.4%。(12)抽煙習慣：其比例約佔全數之73%。(13)喝酒習慣：每天喝酒者佔60%。由以上結果顯示：澎湖地區潛水人員的特點是：年紀偏高、教育程度偏低、大多數沒有接受完整的潛水訓練、潛水年資久、雖對於本身潛水的環境熟悉，但其潛水深度較深、水下停留時間較長、大多不了解減壓程序且未遵照減壓程序上升，且大多數有抽煙喝酒習慣，故罹患潛水減壓病的機率甚高。

關鍵字

澎湖地區；潛水型態；潛水減壓病

並列摘要

This investigation is mainly to elucidate the relationship between diving patterns and high prevalence of decompression sickness (DCS) in Penghu islands. We have investigated 204 divers who suffered from DCS and visited hospital for treatment. Our statistical results were follows: (1) Age: 39.7±9.7 (Mean±SD, range 16-65) years old, 123 (60.3%) divers are aged between 30-50 years and 47 (23%) divers are beyond 50 years old; (2) Education: junior middle school 39.2%, elementary school 34.3%, high school 20.1%, college and university 6.4%; (3) Diving training: ever be trained 6%, never 94%; (4) Diving experience: 10.3±4.3 (Mean±SD, range 1-30) years, more than 10 years 45.6%, 3-10 years 28.9%; (5) Diving place: coasts of Makun 35.3%, northern islands 28.9%, southern islands 26.5%, others 9.3%; (6) Diving depth: 19.7±9.3 (Mean±SD, range 5-45 meters), 91.2% divers are in 20-40 meters; (7) Bottom time: 4.3±2.3 hours (Mean±SD), 44.1% divers stay more than 4 hours; (8) Diving methods: surface supply 70%, SCUBA 23%, breath-hold diving 7%; (9) Diving buddy: never 98%, occasionally 2%; (10) Decompression procedure recognition: understand 6%, unknown 94%; (11) Decompression practice: never follow standard procedure 96%, rare follow 2.6%, occasionally 1.4%, frequently 0%; (12) Smoking: yes 73%; (13) Alcohol drinking: Everyday 60%. In conclusion, most of Penghu divers are more aged, not well educated, not well trained, and have long-term diving experience. They usually dive familiar open water with deep depth, long bottom time, not aware of decompression procedure, and rare decompression practice. Also, most of they are heavy smokers and alcohol drinkers. These characteristics may be closely related to their high DCS prevalence.

並列關鍵字

Penghu islands ； Diving patterns ； Decompression sickness

國際替代計量

澎湖潛水人員潛水型態與減壓病之探討

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