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澎湖吉貝地區潛水減壓病高發生率之病因探討

The Causes of High Incidence of Decompression Sickness in Chi-Bei

摘要


澎湖吉貝地區潛水漁民潛水減壓病之發生率相當高。我們實地調查的結果顯示,每位漁民從事一年潛水工作,就有19 %的機會得到一次潛水減壓病。為了探究這高發生率的原因,我們以紐約州立大學水牛城分校生理系所研發出來的全程潛水記錄器,實際記錄漁民之作業時間與深度。結果顯示,八位潛水漁民中有兩位超過無需減壓限制。而所有八漁民,在上升至水面前,都才已經過適當的減壓程序。由於潛水減壓病之致病機轉與潛水是否超過無需減壓限制,及其滅壓過程是否適當有關,我們認為造成吉貝地區潛水減壓病高發生率的原因,是漁民們以壓縮空氣水面供氣方式重覆潛水,並且在潛水超過無需減壓限制後,忽略了適當的減壓程序。同時,我們也發現,潛水減壓病的發生有個體差異,體重超過標準體重愈多,其得病機會愈大。

並列摘要


Divers on Chi-Bei Island in the Peng-Hu archipelago showed extremely high incidence of decompression sickness (DCS). We obtained information in 40 divers on Chi-Bei (about 50% of the diving population) in June 1990. The survey showed, on the average, each diver may encounter a 19% DCS chance per year. This result confirms hospital records for recompression treatments at the Naval General Hospital in the last few years. To understand the causes of such high DCS incidence, we actually recorded their diving profiles in 8 of them by using a diving data logger in September 1990. Two out of the eight divers dove with profiles that exceeded no-decompression limits. All divers asceded to the surface directly without engaging in any decompression procedure. Incidence of DCS increase in dives that exceed no-decompression limits and without adequate decompression. The high DCS incidence on Chi-Bei may be explained by their dive patterns and disregard for decompression requirement. We also found that the more the excess of individual to the ideal, the higher incidence of DCS.

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