- 期刊
職場健康促進：“健康促進醫院”組織發展之初探
Workplace Health Promotion: The Exploratory Review of Organization Development for Health Promoting Hospital
摘要
健康是人類的基本權利。然而現代的疾病型態已轉型為病因複雜的慢性疾病為主，過去公共衛生所強調的改變個人生活方式的衛生教育，以及診斷與治療為主的醫療行為，已不足以解決現代人所面臨的健康問題。健康促進理念的發展，主要的依據為1986年世界衛生組織所發表的渥太華憲章，它強調藉由跨領域的整合與健康支持性環境的建立，促使人們在日常生活環境中，積極主動參與健康促進活動，並達到提昇生活品質的目標。目前台灣有許多關於健康促進的研究，但是其內涵仍偏重於傳統衛生教育；由於健康促進強調由下而上的決策模式，健康優先議題的制訂應以個人的需求來決定。台灣已有許多發展工作場所健康促進的案例，但仍缺乏健康促進醫院的推動；然而實際上，醫院內部的運作方式及人員的組成，其複雜度都遠超過一般工作場所，而醫院所肩負的社會責任，更對國家社會有深遠的影響。因此，醫院必須發展「健康促進醫院」，應是責無旁貸的使命。另一方面，影響工作場所員工健康的因素包含物理、經濟及社會環境，乃至於組織內部的環境，在在影響著員工的健康情形。健康促進的推展，並非只是單純舉辦健康促進活動而已，這其中包含了許多溝通、評估、協調等許多程序，健康促進活動成功與否，將與組織內部運作息息相關。因此，本文將從組織發展的觀點，探討組織因素對健康及推展健康促進活動的影響，期能為未來健康促進醫院的推展，在醫院組織設計提供具體的參考。
並列摘要
Health is a human right and needs to be protected. The complicated healthcare markets and chronic diseases epidemic made the healthcare provision should be reoriented. In this century, health promotion strategies and plans have replaced the previous medical treatments and health education oriented health policies to be the mainstream of healthcare management. There is a growing awareness and development of health promotion in hospitals. In order to be advocates of good health, the hospital must be fundamentally a healthy workplace and hospital staff enjoys a high quality of working life. The health promoting hospital also has a key role in improving public health, such as community residences, the relatives of hospital patients and workers in the hospitals. A health promoting hospital is one whose members share sense of identity which gives individuals a sense of belonging to a team and to participate actively in public debate providing staff opinions on improving public health. The healthy organization is one of the most important factors to facilitate health promoting hospital. The aims of this paper are to review the concepts, process and to examine the organization development in health promoting hospitals and provide a reference for further designing and planning for health promoting hospitals in Taiwan.