國軍工廠噪音暴露人員抗氧化能力與低頻聽力喪失相關性之研究

The association between the antioxidant capacity and low-frequency hearing loss in noise-exposed military factory personnel

廖乙學(Yi-Hsueh Liao) ； 江昇達(Sheng-Ta Chiang) ； 陳韋良(Wei-Liang Chen) ； 吳立偉(Li-Wei Wu) ； 劉紹興(Saou-Hsing Liou)

《中華職業醫學雜誌》 24卷2期 (2017/04) Pp. 81-91

摘要

目的：國內勞工噪音暴露的問題已成為顯學，不過尚未全面普及至軍方層面，而長期暴露於噪音環境下可能產生聽力損失、干擾談話等等，正因如此，本研究希望藉由檢測聽力和評估人員危險因子，來探討國軍工廠作業人員工作及低頻聽力受損狀況的關聯。方法：研究方法包括結構式問卷、聽道理學檢查、純音聽力測驗；利用描述性統計分析人口學特質、生活型態、個人及過去病史、工作經歷、防護用具使用情形、自覺聽力狀況、抗氧化基因分佈；利用線性迴歸分析及羅吉斯迴歸分析探討依變項之相關因子，分析噪音暴露環境對其操作人員聽力受損間的關係。結果：研究結果顯示在受測者中，具低頻聽力的受損則佔了75%。經多元迴歸分析，低頻聽力的受損與曾擔心自已聽力受損及經常參加運動或賽車比賽場合最有關係。有使用噪音防護用具的人員比例為33%，其中在工作中全程使用的比例為22.5%。結論：工作環境的吵雜與震動程度，工作以外的時間有經常性的暴露於高音量場合、增加手機或電話使用頻率等因素，都會增加噪音性聽損的風險。國軍工廠人員聽力受損的狀況，可能遠比國內一般普遍勞工的情形嚴重，值得重視。

關鍵字

國軍 ； 工廠人員 ； 噪音 ； 聽力損失 ； 抗氧化基因

並列摘要

Background and purpose: The problem of noise exposure in labor has been established. The long-term exposure to noise may cause hearing loss, interference with the conversation, etc. There are some legal principles for the noise-exposed problem in domestic workers, but the situation still does not spread to the military yet. Therefore, this study aimed to detect the real condition of hearing loss and the relationship with the working environment about the military factory staffs by hearing screen and evaluation of risk factors. Method: We used physical examinations for ears, pure-tone audiometry, structured questionnaires and evaluation of antioxidant genotypes. Descriptive statistics were explored; group comparisons, correlation, and regression analysis were performed. The subjects needed to avoid noise exposure for 14 hours at least before examination. Results: The total participants was 84 workers. There was 75% of participants with low-frequency hearing loss. The proportion of people who use noise protection equipment is 33%. Impaired hearing at low frequencies is most associated with fear of hearing loss and frequent participation in sports or racing events. Conclusion: The noise of the work environment and the degree of vibration, increasing the frequency of mobile phone or phone use and other factors, will increase the risk of hearing loss. The situation of the hearing impaired in the military factory personnel may be far more serious than the situation of the general labor in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

military ； factory staffs ； noise ； hearing loss ； antioxidant genotype