職業衛生護理人員背景特質與工作現況初探

An Exploration of Occupational Health Nurse Characteristics and the Current Work Situation

顏芯澄(Hish-Cheng Yen) ； 董貞吟(Chen-Yin Tung)

《中華職業醫學雜誌》 26卷2期 (2019/04) Pp. 95-102

摘要

隨著時代、經濟、社會的轉變，改變了職業型態，使工作者暴露於新的健康風險中，與過往職業健康危害有所不同，我國勞工健康保護規則在2011年1月21日大幅修訂，明確規範職業衛生護理人員（以下簡稱職護）角色及資格，職護若能發揮應有的專業能力、有效應用多方資源，不僅能實踐專業價值，更可保障工作者的職業安全與健康。本研究希冀了解新法實施後第一線推動職場健康的職護背景特質及工作現況，並統整職護對整體環境改善之期待。以問卷為研究工具，採立意取樣及滾雪球取樣方式，調查全台334位在職中的專任職護。本調查發現職護整體年齡層下降、職場服務年資較短、在職教育課程與實務需求落差、職護專業角色難受肯定及薪資與升遷受限等問題，職業安全衛生相關法規雖經多次修法，並明定職護角色功能及工作範疇，但實際上事業單位對職護之任用仍有不合法規及待提升之部分，如有63.8%的職護工作中須兼辦非法定事務，其中24.3%職護兼辦非法定事務時間更超過總業務的二分之一，及10.2%的事業單位無聘請臨場服務醫師等等。期望透過本研究之調查之結果，能提供事業管理階層與相關主管機關作為參考依據，以提升職業衛生護理人員身心安適，進而促進健康職場之推動。

關鍵字

職業衛生護理人員 ； 職場健康促進 ； 職業衛生護理實務

並列摘要

Workers expose to novel occupational health risks with the changing of the society, economy and time, contrasting to past risks. In Taiwan, Occupational Safety and Health Act was revised considerably in Jan. 21, 2011, and it definitely regulated the rules and certifications of occupational health nurses (OHNs), who would protect workers' safety and health, attaining the professional values if they apply their proper expertise and use resources efficiently. The study was aimed to investigate present characteristics of the OHNs who primarily promoted occupational health and the institutions' factors after implementation of new laws. The study also sorted the expectations for improvements of the institutions. Questionnaire was conducted. Purposive and snowball sampling were used and 334 full-time OHNs were investigated. The result of investigation found that ＂overall decreased age of PHNs＂, ＂shorter seniority in the workplace＂, ＂gap between in-service education with practice need＂, ＂disregard of PHNs＂ and ＂restriction of promotion and pay＂ had been noted. Occupational Safety and Health Act had been revised repeatedly, and state expressly the role and duty of PHNs. However, there were still illegal circumstances actually and it hadn't been strengthened enough as for appointments and removals. For instances, 63.6% of the PHNs held concurrent non-official affairs, while 24.3% of their joint-appointment even exceeds half of their workload, and 10.2% of the institutions didn't hire physicians to go through the workplaces. We expected the result of the research could offer executives and associated authorities for references to improve well-being of PHNs and facilitate the promotion of health occupations.

並列關鍵字

Occupational Health Nursing ； Workplace Health Promotion ； Occupational Health Nursing Practice