青梅粒徑分級機之改進研究

Studies on the Fruit Diameter Grading Machine for Plum

曾得洲(Te-Chou Tseng)

《臺東區農業改良場研究彙報》 14輯 (2003/12) Pp. 109-118

https://doi.org/10.6959/RBTDAIS.200312.0109

摘要

台東縣梅子栽培面積約2,100公頃，青梅一般在三月下旬前採收加工製作成脆梅，此時採收的青梅其成熟度約在60～70%左右。青梅果實的形狀皆成橢圓形，長短徑差異較大，以往在台東地區的梅農，一般都使用圓盤式分級機作為青梅分級機械，其分級準確率梅農尚可接受，唯其分級作業效率每小時約200～250公斤，梅農普遍認為工作效率低，因此本研究乃從事高效率青梅粒徑分級機的研製，以改善青梅產期過於短暫、集中需快速、精確的進行分級作業需求的問題。研成之青梅粒徑分級機可將青梅分成20mm以下、20～23mm、23～26mm、26～29mm和29mm以上等五級規格，配合小型送料機每小時500公斤的青梅進料量，分級機圓皮帶以43.0 cm/sec的線速度進行分級作業，其整體分級準確率的平均值可達85%以上，青梅損傷率在3%以下。

關鍵字

青梅 ； 粒徑 ； 分級機

並列摘要

The cultivated area of plum trees was about 2100 hectares in Taitung. The fruit was harvested for processing crisp plum before the end of March. The oval shape plum with large ratio of major to minor axis was about 60% ~ 70% ripeness. No suitable plum grading machine is available at the present day. The disc grading machine with capacity of 200 ~ 250 kg/hr was not acceptable to farmer. A fruit diameter grading machine for plum was developed to meet demands for rapidly and accurately processing plum during the busy harvesting session.The developed fruit diameter grading machine graded Mei fruit into five grades of below 20 mm, 20 ~ 23 mm, 23 ~ 26 mm, 26 ~ 29 mm and above 29 mm. To cooperate with the 500kg/hr transporting capacity of the small conveyer, the grading machine adopted 1500 ~ 1700rpm motor speed. The average accurate grading rate was above 85%, and the loss of damaged or bruised plums was 3%.

並列關鍵字

Plum ； Fruit diameter ； Grading machine