柱頭抽出液和培養環境對番荔枝‘臺東二號’花粉發芽率之影響

The Effects of Stigma Extract Solution and Culture Medium on Pollen Germination in vitro of Sugar Apple 'Taitung No.2'

陳奕君(Yi-Chun Chen) ； 江淑雯(Shu-Wen Jiang)

《臺東區農業改良場研究彙報》 24輯 (2014/06) Pp. 83-94

摘要

番荔枝‘臺東二號’，花粉體外培養檢測其發芽率，並探討番毒草枝之柱頭抽出液、溫度（5°C至40°C）與相對濕度（30%至100%）對其之影響。結果顯示，B&K培養基中添加番荔枝之柱頭抽出液可以提高其花粉發芽率， 是檢測番荔枝花粉活力較佳之方法。番荔枝‘臺東二號’，花粉在溫度低於15°C或高於40°C時，花粉發芽率即降低至30%以下；35%時發芽率最高，達72.4%。相對濕度低於40%時，花粉發芽率在30%以下，至相對濕度70%時，發芽率最高，為81.4%；當相對濕度到達100%時，發芽率則又降低至37.8%。番荔枝‘臺東二號’，花粉發芽之最適條件，溫度為30%－35%、相對濕度為70%－80%，可供人工授粉時參考應用，提高授粉成功率。

關鍵字

番荔枝 ； 花粉發芽率 ； 培養基 ； 溫度 ； 相對濕度

並列摘要

Pollen germination in vitro of 'Taitung No.2.' sugar apple were studied. Stigma extract solution was added in culture medium, and at different temperature (5℃ to 40℃) and relative humidity (30% to 100%). The results show added stigma extract solution in B&K medium had best germinated. The germination of pollen was less than 30% when temperature over 40℃or less than 15℃. The pollen germinated at 35℃ had highest germination percentage, is 72.4%. The germination of pollen was less than 30% when relative humidity less than 40%. The maximum germination was 81.4% at relative humidity was 70%. Until relative humidity at 100%, pollen germination was down to 37.8%. In summary, the optimum temperature was from 30℃ to 35℃, and the optimum relative humidity was from 70% to 80%.

並列關鍵字

sugar apple ； pollen germination ； culture medium ； temperature ； relative humidity