管件液壓成形模具種類介紹

Introduction to the Tube Hydroforming Die

莊志宇(Chuang Chi-Yei) ； 鄭炳國(Cheng Ping-Kuo) ； 李明富(Li Ming-Fu)

《鍛造》 12卷2期 (2003/07) Pp. 14-24

https://doi.org/10.29791/Forging.200307.0004

摘要

管件液壓成形(Tube Hydro Forming，THF)早期又可稱為液體鼓漲成形(Liquid bulge forming)。在德國一般慣稱為內高壓成形(Internal high pressure forming)。
液壓成形製品具有質量輕、強度高及剛性佳等優點，且在生產過程中可減少半成品零件數量，減少銲接、機械加工、拋光等後加工處理，有效降低生產成本、縮短加工周期，因而逐漸被導入汽車、機車、自行車、管配件等行業的生產線中以取代傳統沖壓銲接或鑄造製程。尤其，目前汽車運輸等產業發展之趨勢，以減輕重量和提高效能為人們長期追求的目標，特別是進入 1990 年代之後，節省油耗及各國環保法規的嚴格規制下，致使汽車的輕量化結構變得更為重要。除了輕量化材料的選擇外，以中空結構取代實心結構來減輕重量的作法也越來越多。
管件液壓成形雖有如上所提之諸多好處，但其實現需要多方面技術上之整合，如成形技術、製程規劃及模擬、模具設計、高壓系統、相關設備上的搭配…等，本文將介紹管件液壓成形模具之基本組成、種類、相關設計及實例簡介，以供有興趣往這方面發展之業界作參考。

並列摘要

At initial stages, Tube HydroForming was called liquid bulge forming. In German, it was usually called internal high pressure forming.
THF products have many advantages such as light structure, high strength and good stiffness. Moreover, THF can reduce the semi-finished assemblies parts and finishing works such as welding, machining and polishing. Thus, THF can reduce manufacturing cost and cycle time. Therefore THF is applied to the industry such as motorcycle, bicycle ,automobile and pipefitting to replace the traditional stamping, welding and casting. That is the reason why people aspire to this goal, especially the trend of automobile industry is to increase efficiency and reduce weight. Since 1990,it became more and more important to reduce the weight of car for economizing the use of oil and strict restriction of environmental regulations. Except for choosing light materials, replacing solid structures with hollow parts is a popular method.
Tube Hydro Forming needs to be intergrated with many technical aspects like forming technique, manufacturing process arrangement and stimulation, die design, high pressure system and apparatus coordination,etc.This article will intoduce the basic elements,types,related design concept and applied practices of THF products to companies which have interests in this technology.