- 期刊
A Case Report: Anthracofibrosis Presenting as a Lung Mass with Bilateral Hilar and Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy
以肺腫瘤和雙側肺門及縱膈腔淋巴結腫大為表現的碳末沉著症：病例報告與文獻回顧
摘要
Anthracofibrosis is a medical term introduced to the thoracic literature in 1969. It is characterized by a bronchoscopic finding of multiple dark anthracotic pigmentations on large airway mucosa with and without bronchial narrowing or obliteration. The incidence of anthracofibrosis is rising due to the increasing air pollution, tuberculosis, biomass fuel, and mineral dust exposure. Anthracofibrosis should be considered as an additional differential diagnosis for bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, even without bronchial narrowing. There are documented associations between anthracosis and lung cancer (especially squamous cell, small cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma) in recent reports; therefore, every patient with anthracofibrosis, a detailed history-taking regarding exposure to risk factors is critical.
並列摘要
碳末沉著症首先在1969年胸腔醫學文獻被發現。它的特點是經由支氣管鏡發現多個黑碳末色素沉著在大氣道的粘膜而造成有或無支氣管狹窄及閉塞。其發生率隨著空氣污染，肺結核，生物燃料使用和礦物粉塵暴露而增加。本案例主要報導一位72歲的職業畫家男性，因胸悶和呼吸困難而就醫。其胸部電腦斷層顯示肺腫瘤和雙側肺門及縱膈淋巴結腫大，最終被證實為碳末淋巴結內腫大。因此，在無支氣管狭窄的雙側肺門和縱膈淋巴結腫大的鑑別診斷，碳末沉著症應被列入。最近的醫學文獻記載，碳末沉著症與肺癌的發生有相關性（尤其是鱗狀細胞癌，小細胞癌和腺癌）。因為有證據顯示其未來會發展成肺癌的可能性，所以對於每位碳末沉著症之患者，詳細詢問暴露的危險因子是至關重要的。
延伸閱讀
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