國立嘉義農業專科學校運動代表隊之體型與體脂肪分析研究

候堂盛

《體育學報》 14期 (1992/12) Pp. 259-281

https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.0014.199212.2717

摘要

本研究主要目的有三：(一)探討嘉義農專校級選手體脂肪百分比及體型分佈情況；(二)探討各項代表隊選手體脂肪百分比之差異情形；(三)探討各項代表隊選手體型及體型分佈圖上分佈之情況。根據以上目的，受測者以嘉義農專籃、足、排球、柔道、田徑、游泳等六項目的運動代表隊，計83名研究對象。依照受測者所得原始資料，分別以體脂肪換算公式及HEATH-CARTER體型分類法轉換後，再以積差相關，單因子變異數分析等統計方法，瞭解本研究的各項資料。茲将研究的發現與結果敘述如下：
㈠校級（全體）選手的平均體脂肪百分比爲9.49％；平均體型成份值爲2.9-5.1-2.5。
㈡各項運動代表隊體脂肪百分比，在柔道－籃球，以及柔道－排球及柔道－游泳項目間有明顯的差異存在，這由於柔道之運動特殊性不同，所以在體脂肪方面會較排球、籃球、游泳項目來得高。
㈢各項運動代表隊選手體型成份最高值：内胚層爲柔道(4.25)，中胚層亦爲柔道(6.18)，外胚層爲排球(3.40)，而在田徑及足球二者之體脂肪及體型，與其他項目間並没有明顯的差別。
㈣各項運動代表隊選手體型分佈情況，由次數分配表與體型分散圖中，可知多數選手亦分佈於中胚層、平衡中胚層及内中胚層區内。
總之，體脂肪與體型成份值會因運動項目的不同而有所差異。在本研究中柔道選手的體脂肪百分比及體型成份值－内、中胚層高過其他項目，所以柔道選手所須體型應爲壯碩體型，而排球選手所須體型應爲瘦長體型。

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were:
1. to investigate the body fat percentage and the distribution of the somatotype in collegiate delegation athletes of National Chia-yi Institute of Agriculture.
2. to investigate the body fat percentage of athletes in each of the six sports.
3. to investigate the somatotype of athletes in each of the six sports and their distribution on a somatochart.
The subjects used in this study were 83 male athletes who were the collegiate delegation teams in six different sports (Baseketball, Football Volleyball, Judo, Track-&-Field and Swim) of National Chia-Yi Institute of Agriculture.
Based on the obtained data, the results were:
1.For all subjects, the average body fat percentage is 9.49%,and the means for component of the somatotype were 2.9-5.1-2.5.
2. The average body fat percentage of three different sport groups compared each other(Judo-Baseketball, Judo-Volleyball, and Judo-Swim) have shown significant difference between them. The average body fat percentage of Judo Team was higher than that of Volleyball, Baseketball and Swim teams due to the sport spicificity.
3.Those highest values of the somatotype among the different sport teams were: endomorph in Judo team (4.25)、mesomorph in Judo team(6.18)、and ectomorph in Volleyball(3.40). The average body fat percentage and somatotype of Track-&-Field and Footabll team have shown no significant difference compared to those of the other teams.
4.According to the distribution table and somatochart, most athletes were either mesomorph, balanced mesomorph, and endomorphic mesomorph.
The values of average body fat percentage and somatotype were higher than those of the other sports. The Judo athletes body should be robust and stout, but the Volleyball player were both thin and tall.