籃球罰球標準動作時間與命中率的關係

The Relationship between Preshot Interval and Free Throw Percentage in Basketball

黃英哲

《體育學報》 16期 (1993/12) Pp. 183-195

https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.0016.199312.3312

摘要

本研究的目的在探討眞實比賽情況下籃球罰球準備動作時間(preshot interval)與罰球命中率的關係，並比較罰球高、低命中率組之間，在準備動作時間上的差異，作為探討規律化準備活動(preperformance routines)與運動表現兩者關係的初步研究。本研究以大專男子籃球聯賽自強聯盟17名選手為受試對象，記錄其比賽時的罰球準備動作時間與命中次數。經資料處理後，得到以下的結果：
1.罰球準備動作時間的長短與罰球命中率無顯著相關。
2.罰球準備動作時間的一致性與罰球命中率呈顯著正相關。
3.罰球高命中率與低命中率選手之間的準備動作時間長短無顯著差異。
4.高命中率組選手準備動作時間的一致性顯著高於低命中率組選手。根據結果顯示，罰球準備動作時間的長短與罰球命中率無關，但準備動作時間愈一致，命中率有較高的趨勢。故本研究者以為在籃球罰球的訓練上，對於準備動作時間長短，在規則的許可範圍內，敎練可允許選手依個人喜好，有不同的選擇。但不論選手準備動作時間長或短，都應注重每次的動作時間要儘量一致穩定，或許可提高罰球的命中率。

關鍵字

罰球標準動作時間 ； 罰球命中率 ； 規律化標準活動

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between preshot interval and free throw percentage (FT%) within the context of basketball competition as an elementary exploratory investigation of preperformance routines and performance accuracy. Data were collected during varsity basketball games at the top division of College Basketball League.17 selected male subjects' length of the preshot interval land the number of free throws attempted and made were measured. From these data, the mean and within-subject coefficient of variation(CV)of preshot interval and FT% were derived, the results of statistic analysis were as follows:
1.There was no significant correlation between the length of preshot interval and the FT%.
2.There was a significant negetive correlation between CV of the preshot interval and the FT%.
3.There was no significant difference in the length of preshot interval between high FT% group and low FT% group.
4.The CV of preshot interval of high FT% group was significant lower than that of low FT% group.
The results above indicated that higher percentage shooters maintained a higher level of temporal consistency in executing their preshot routines than did lower percentage shooters. Implications for the use of preshot interval data in research and intervention by basketball coach are discussed.

並列關鍵字

preshot interval ； reoutine ； preperformance routines ； free throw percentage