運動動機氣候與自覺能力對賽前狀態焦慮和滿足感的相關研究

The Relationships of Perceived Motivational Climate and Perceived Ability to Competitive State Anxiety and Team Satisfaction in Basketball

黃英哲(Ying-Che Huang) ； 季力康(Li-Kang Chi)

《體育學報》 18期 (1994/12) Pp. 321-332

https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.0018.199412.3429

摘要

本研究的目的在探討運動選手所知覺的動機氣候與自覺能力對其賽前狀態焦慮和團隊滿足感的關係。受試者為參加全國大專男子乙組籃球聯賽北區與中區的大學學院組與專科組選手，共127名，年齡平均為20.97±2.53歲。本研究結果顯示：
經試探性因素分析與信度分析處理後發現：「運動動機氣候量表」與「賽前狀態焦慮量表」有相當的效度與良好的內部一致性。
經簡單相關分析法處理後發現：工作取向氣候的知覺與自覺能力、賽前自信心以及滿足感呈正相關，而自我取向氣候的知覺與賽前認知和身體焦慮呈正相關，與滿足感呈負相關。
以逐步迴歸分析法處理後發現：1．自我取向氣候的知覺與自覺能力是賽前認知與身體焦慮的有效預測變項；2．自覺能力與工作取向氣候的知覺是賽前自信心的兩個有效預測變項；3．工作與自我取向氣候的知覺是滿足感的兩個有效預測變項。
根據研究的結果，敎練若希望選手有較低的賽前狀態焦慮與高度的團隊滿足感，在動機氣候的塑造方面，宜積極塑造工作取向氣候，避免過度強調自我取向氣候。

關鍵字

目標取向 ； 運動動機氣候 ； 賽前狀態焦慮 ； 滿足感

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships of perceived motivational climate and perceived ability to competitive state anxiety and team satisfaction. Subjects, 127 male basketball players(M age=20.97±2.53 years)from twelve varsity teams participating Intercollegiate Basketball Competition, were requested to complete a questionnaire which assessed subjects' perceptions of motivational climate, state anxiety, perceived basketball ability, and their team satisfaction.
The results of exploratory factor analyses and reliability analyses indicated that the Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire (PMCSQ) and Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2(CSAI-2) demonstrated acceptable construct validity and internal consistency.
The results of simple correlation analyses indicated that perceptions of a taskoriented climate were positively related to perceived ability, self-confidence and team satisfaction. In contrast, perceptions of a ego-oriented climate were positively associated with both cognitive and somatic anxiety and negatively related to team satisfaction.
The results of stepwise multiple-regression analyses were as follows: ①The perception of ego-oriented climate and perceived ability predicted significantly both cognitive and somatic anxiety. ②The self-confidence was significantly predicted by perceived ability and perception of task-oriented climate. ③The two dimensions of perceived motivational climate were the effective predictors of team satisfaction.
Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that coaches should creat a task-oriented climate and avoid contructing high ego-oriented climate.

並列關鍵字

goal orientations ； perceived motivational climate ； competitive state anxiety ； team satisfaction