- 期刊
螺絲製造業勞工之油霧滴暴露濃度與粒徑分布特徵研究
Concentration and Particle Size Distribution of Oil Mists Exposed to Fastening Industry Workers
摘要
The present study was designed to assess the concentration and particle size distribution of oil mist exposure of workers in the fastening industry. An IOM personal inhalable aerosol sampler was used to collect 17, 11, and 6 personal oil mist samples from workers in the forming, tapping, and heat treatment process, respectively. For each process, particle-size-segregating samples of oil mist were collected simultaneously by a modified cascade impactor, with a total of 4 samples being obtained. Results showed that the concentrations of worker exposure in the three processes were: tapping (2.11mg/m^3)＞forming (1.58mg/m^3)＞heat treatment (0.0801mg/m^3). These concentrations were lower than the current time-weighted-average threshold limit value (TLV-TWA=5mg/m^3) and time-weighted-average permissible exposure limit value (PEL-TWA=5mg/m^3) of oil mist. The particle size distribution of oil mist from the three processes was consistent with bimodal distribution. The fraction of fine particles, which were formed by the evaporation and condensation of metalworking fluids, was found with aerodynamic diameters (dae) of 0.310~0.501μm. The coarse fraction was formed by the impaction of metalworking fluids with tools and fasteners, and had a dae of 8.16~13.0μm.. The concentration ratios of fine/coarse oil mists from the three processes were 2.77 for tapping, 1.65 for forming, and 1.20 for heat treatment. The fractions of oil mist exposure from the three processes to different areas of workers' respiratory tracts were: alveolar (66.9-77.9%)＞head (14.5-19.1%)＞trachea bronchial (7.56-15.8%). The estimated concentrations of respirable oil mist for workers in the forming and tapping processes were 1.34mg/m^3 and 1.40mg/m^3, which were higher than the concentration known for ”increased risk of pulmonary injury” (0.20mg/m^3). The results warrant the adoption of suitable methods of engineering control or personal protective equipment to reduce the exposure of workers, especially for the fine fraction.
並列摘要
The present study was designed to assess the concentration and particle size distribution of oil mist exposure of workers in the fastening industry. An IOM personal inhalable aerosol sampler was used to collect 17, 11, and 6 personal oil mist samples from workers in the forming, tapping, and heat treatment process, respectively. For each process, particle-size-segregating samples of oil mist were collected simultaneously by a modified cascade impactor, with a total of 4 samples being obtained. Results showed that the concentrations of worker exposure in the three processes were: tapping (2.11mg/m^3)＞forming (1.58mg/m^3)＞heat treatment (0.0801mg/m^3). These concentrations were lower than the current time-weighted-average threshold limit value (TLV-TWA=5mg/m^3) and time-weighted-average permissible exposure limit value (PEL-TWA=5mg/m^3) of oil mist. The particle size distribution of oil mist from the three processes was consistent with bimodal distribution. The fraction of fine particles, which were formed by the evaporation and condensation of metalworking fluids, was found with aerodynamic diameters (dae) of 0.310~0.501μm. The coarse fraction was formed by the impaction of metalworking fluids with tools and fasteners, and had a dae of 8.16~13.0μm.. The concentration ratios of fine/coarse oil mists from the three processes were 2.77 for tapping, 1.65 for forming, and 1.20 for heat treatment. The fractions of oil mist exposure from the three processes to different areas of workers' respiratory tracts were: alveolar (66.9-77.9%)＞head (14.5-19.1%)＞trachea bronchial (7.56-15.8%). The estimated concentrations of respirable oil mist for workers in the forming and tapping processes were 1.34mg/m^3 and 1.40mg/m^3, which were higher than the concentration known for ”increased risk of pulmonary injury” (0.20mg/m^3). The results warrant the adoption of suitable methods of engineering control or personal protective equipment to reduce the exposure of workers, especially for the fine fraction.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
- 錢葉忠、鐘順輝、施慧中、張志帆、彭君傑（2022）。金屬加工油霧滴採樣分析方法之研究。勞動及職業安全衛生研究季刊，30(1)，89-100。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=P20150527003-202203-202204210005-202204210005-89-100
- 黃紫羿（2006）。應用螢光染色法監測室內生物氣膠研究油品成分對機車排放之氣懸微粒毒性影響研究〔碩士論文，國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2006.02404
- Peng, J. C. (1992). 米榖擠壓加工－螺絲元件組合，進料速度及螺軸轉速對滯留時間分佈之影響. 農業機械學刊, 1(3), 12-22. https://doi.org/10.30062/JAM.199209.0002
- 張芳瑜（2021）。探討襯墊黏貼作業區勞工甲苯之長期暴露特徵〔碩士論文，中山醫學大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6834/csmu202100199
- Bediako, E. B., & Amorin, R. (2010). Effects of Drilling Fluid Exposure to Oil and Gas Workers Presented with Major Areas of Exposure and Exposure Indicators. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 2(8), 710-719. https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=20407467-201012-201411050020-201411050020-710-719