從文化經濟取向探討嘉義縣達邦社區的旅遊發展

The Exploration of Tourism Development within Tapangu Community in Chiayi County from Culture Economy Approach

梁炳琨(Bang-Kuen Liang)

《中國地理學會會刊》 45期 (2010/12) Pp. 19-40

https://doi.org/10.29972/BGSC.201012.0002

摘要

本文主要以地方文化經濟取向分析達邦社區的旅遊發展。地方文化經濟取向強調地方的發展必須鑲嵌於地方文化（或地方知識）的決定，選取地方文化的標記，進行地方內外行動者的認同建構，進而達到地方社會的自主性與控制。研究發現：1.達邦部落的旅遊發展，經歷了生態資源保育期、生態旅遊概念引進期、地方產業推動期，以及生態旅遊協會成立期。2.達邦部落的旅遊發展，基於旅遊與文化（祭典）分離的地方決定，地方並不主動檢選文化標記，與對外地進行認同建構，而是大社象徵的男子集會所與祭典受到媒體的報導，吸引遊客進入而與生態資源連結。3.地方旅遊與祭典分離的決定，以及風災的制約，在拒絕文化的商品化表演、避免遊客資源的壟斷、遊客的總量管制，以及生活方式的維持，仍能達到地方的自主性與控制。4.部分漢人媳婦的國小老師行動者，透過社會網絡引介外地生態旅遊的制度、尋求輔導團體的協助等，促成部落的旅遊發展，但也引發地方意義的爭執。

關鍵字

文化經濟取向 ； 鑲嵌 ； 達邦

並列摘要

This study aims to analyze tourism development at Tapangu community with culture economy approach. The strategies and steps of this approach emphasize local development and social control, including embeddedness in local culture, selection of local cultural marker, and identity construction for local/extra-local actors. There are 4 discoveries in this research. Firstly, the evolution period of Tapangu tribal tourism development include conservation of ecosystem resource, introduction of ecotourism concept, action of local industry, and establishment of ecotourism association. Secondly, during tribal ecotourism development, Tapangu community didn't actively select cultural marker and construct identity for extra-local actors, due to community decision on the separation between tourism and culture. But Kuba and Mayasivi got massive media coverage, attracting tourists, as well as connecting with ecology resources on community tourism. Thirdly, it is still socially controlled in refusing cultural performance of commerce, avoiding monopolization of tourist, controlling the amount of tourists, and maintaining life style etc, because of the separation of tourism from culture, rejection of outside company and standpoint on full consumer, and restriction of typhoon disaster. Finally, there are different points of views about ecotourism from some teachers and the Hans wife, who introduce extra-local ecotourism institution through social network, and look for help from outside counseling organizations.

並列關鍵字

Culture Economy Approach ； Embeddedness ； Tapangu

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