社區經濟類型與社會企業在社區中的影響力

Community Economy Typology and Impact of Social Enterprise on Community

胡哲生(Jer-San Hu) ； 李禮孟(Lee-Men Lee) ； 孔健中(Chien-Chung Kung)

《輔仁管理評論》 22卷1期 (2015/01) Pp. 53-73

摘要

現代工商經濟發展下，經濟資源分配、社會基礎建設、工商活動等集中於都市區域，偏遠或農業社區的社會關注相對薄弱，容易產生人口外移、傳統工藝式微、既有生活方式消逝等問題。本文以凋零社區中的社會企業為研究對象，依據社區企業經營地的資源投入與產出市場兩個構面，區分出四種類型社區經濟體，以理論抽樣謹慎選取四個各具代表性之社區為樣本，以多個案比對方法，分析社區中主要社會企業之經營理念及其社區發展策略。研究發現社區內之社會企業在其理念-策略可歸納為四種設計：自足生活型社區、合作輸出型社區、服務創新型社區、以及藝術創價型社區，為該社區尋找到新活力的經營之道。

關鍵字

社區經濟 ； 社會企業 ； 社會創新 ； 社區發展 ； 永續發展

並列摘要

High levels of urbanization lead to high concentration of economic resources, infrastructure development, and commercial activities in urban cities, resulting in rural areas with problems such as population drain, decline of traditional culture, and lacking of economic means. The study addresses the issue of rural communities in decline, exploring the role of social enterprises and the strategies used in reviving the declining rural communities. The study categorizes declining communities into four types, by their positions in possessing critical local resources and potential local market. The study carefully chose four communities for comparative analysis of multiple cases. Each case represents one of the four types of communities. The leading social enterprise in each case was analyzed to identify its mission and strategies in reviving the community. It is found that the mission and strategies of the leading social enterprises fit well with their unique resource-market contexts. Based on the comparison analysis, the study identifies four types of community economy developmental strategy: (1) Self-sufficient, lifestyle-based community, (2) economically cooperative, production-based community, (3) ecologically innovative, service-based community, and (4) artist-led, value-creation community.

並列關鍵字

Social economy ； social enterprise ； social innovation ； community development ； sustainability

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