國際交換生選擇學校之關鍵因素－使用層級分析法

隨著教育的普及，現今大學國際交換生體制之發展也逐漸成熟。除了以往的留學方式外，學生可以選擇以短期交換方式，體驗國外的生活。不僅選擇方式較為多元，學費也較以往便宜，使得國際交換人數逐年攀升。本文以AHP（Analytic Hierarchy Process）法探討國際交換生選擇學校之關鍵因素，先經由文獻探討建構AHP層級架構，共有4個關鍵構面及21個因素。接著設計問卷，調查了臺灣至國外交換、陸生來臺交換以及外國來臺交換三個群體的交換生，並比較此三群交換生問卷結果之差異。本研究發現對全體填答交換生而言，最重要之構面為交換國構面。而「文化、語言、宗教、習慣」、「友善安全的住所」、「旅遊考量」、「國際人脈」為前四個重要因素；最後一名因素為「打工收入」。最後，本文依研究結果提出建議，供相關部門制定交換生發展策略之參考，以促進國際交流及發展。

關鍵字

關鍵因素；國際交換生；層級分析法

並列摘要

With the growth and development of the education industry, international student exchange programs have begun to mature in universities worldwide. Besides studying abroad long-term, students nowadays can choose to experience foreign student life in short-term exchange programs. Not only are the modes of exchange more diversified now, but the tuition fees involved are also lower than before, leading to a steady rise in participation rates. This paper uses the AHP method to investigate the importance of factors influencing exchange students' selection of foreign schools. 4 key dimensions and 21 factors were gathered from literature. Questionnaires were handed out to different groups of exchange students, and the results were analyzed by comparing the differences between ＂Taiwan to foreign exchange＂, ＂China to Taiwan exchange＂, and ＂foreign to Taiwan exchange＂. We find that for all respondents, the most important dimension is ＂exchange country＂, the top four factors are ＂culture, language, religion, and custom＂, ＂friendly and safe residence＂, ＂travelling＂, ＂international friendship＂, and the least important factor is ＂income of parttime job＂. Lastly, we propose recommendations for educational institutions and relevant government agencies in implementing strategies that promote international exchange and future development of exchange programs.