遊憩情境中擁擠知覺之探討－以淡水老街為例

Perceived Crowding in Recreation Setting: A Case of Tamsui Old Main Street

黃章展(Chang-Chan Huang) ； 廖庭瑩(Ting-Ying Liao) ； 林宗賢(Chung-Hsien Lin)

《觀光休閒學報》 15卷1期 (2009/04) Pp. 1-22

https://doi.org/10.6267/JTLS.2009.15(1)1

摘要

本研究目的為整合「期望理論」、「刺激超載理論」、與「社會干擾理論」提出解釋遊客擁擠知覺的整合模式，並進一步在遊憩情境中加以驗證。問卷調查於2007年二月在淡水老街進行，共得到350份有效問卷。描述性分析結果顯示，在不同時段測得淡水老街之遊客「知覺遭遇人數」分佈從22人到1000人，知覺遭遇人數稍微高於預期人數。除了「享受熱鬧氣氛」之外，遊客對於遊憩體驗目標實際感受程度顯著低於期望感受程度，而「擁擠知覺」為中度擁擠。路徑分析結果顯示「知覺遭遇人數」會藉由「期望與知覺遭遇人數的落差」影響「擁擠知覺」，且「密度引發的刺激」亦會影響「擁擠知覺」，至於「遊憩體驗目標干擾」則對擁擠知覺沒有顯著影響，此外，「知覺遭遇人數」亦不會影響「密度引發的刺激」與「遊憩體驗目標干擾」。依據研究結果，本研究對遊憩經營者及未來研究提出具體建議。

關鍵字

擁擠知覺 ； 期望理論 ； 刺激超載理論 ； 社會干擾理論

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to integrate expectancy theory, stimulus overload theory, and social interference theory into a comprehensive model to explain visitors' perceived crowding and test the model in a recreational setting. An on-site questionnaire survey was conducted at Tamsui Old Main Street in February, 2007 to collect data from visitors and 350 valid questionnaires were obtained. The results of descriptive analyses revealed that the number of encounters perceived by the respondents in different measuring time ranged from 22 to 1000 which was slightly larger than expected. Visitors' actual acquired recreation experience was weaker than they expected in all the experience goals except ”enjoy the pleasing atmosphere.” Besides, visitors reported a medium level of perceived crowding. The results of the path analysis revealed that ”number of encounters” had a significant effect on ”perceived crowding” mediated by ”the discrepancy between the expected and the perceived number of encounters.” The ”density-induced stimulus” also had a significant effect on ”perceived crowding.” However, ”goal interference” had not a significant effect on ”perceived crowding.” Moreover, ”number of encounters” had not a significant effect on ”density-induced stimulus” and ”goal interference.” Some suggestions were proposed to recreation management and for future researches based on the findings of the study.

並列關鍵字

perceived crowding ； expectancy theory ； stimulus overload theory ； social interference theory

參考文獻

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