Defining and Managing Visitor Capacity in National Parks: A Program of Research in the U.S. National Park System

界定與管理國家公園之遊客容量：美國國家公園系統之研究計畫

Robert E. Manning

《觀光休閒學報》 17卷2期 (2011/08) Pp. 183-214

https://doi.org/10.6267/JTLS.2011.17(2)4

摘要

國家公園可以接待多少遊客而無對於公園資源與遊客體驗品質不可接受之衝擊？遊客容量在於國家公園係為一個屹立不搖與急迫性與日俱增之議題。若干管理架構業已發展藉以協助界定與管理遊客容量。前述架構均同仰賴公園資源與遊客體驗品質指標與標準之方程式。前述架構之應用可以藉由研究計畫使其資訊完備，涵蓋：利害關係人調查、規範理論與方法、視覺研究方法、戶外遊憩權衡分析與電腦模擬建模。前述方法業已應用於美國國家公園系統遊客容量研究之計畫。

關鍵字

遊客容量 ； 承載量 ； 戶外遊憩 ； 國家公園

並列摘要

How much visitor use can be accommodated in national parks without unacceptable impacts to park resources and the quality of the visitor experience? Visitor capacity is a long-standing and increasingly urgent issue in national parks. Several management frameworks have been developed to help define and manage visitor capacity, and all of these frameworks rely on formulation of indicators and standards of quality for park resources and the visitor experience. Application of these frameworks can be informed by a program of research, including stakeholder surveys, normative theory and methods, visual research methods, analysis of tradeoffs in outdoor recreation, and computer-based simulation modeling. These methods have been applied in a program of research on visitor capacity in the U.S. National Park System.

並列關鍵字

visitor capacity ； carrying capacity ； outdoor recreation ； national parks

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