林朝崧無悶詞析論

The Analysis on "Wu-Men Ts'u"

李遠志(Yuan-Chih Lee)

《花蓮教育大學學報》 24期 (2007/05) Pp. 23-44

摘要

林朝崧是臺灣文學史上頗受注目的詩人，無悶詞是其詩歌之外別開臺灣古典文學生面的代表性作品。做為一種文學載體，限於倚聲和律、詞調多樣等因素限制，尤其朝崧大量創作的慢詞，尤須才學、思力之經營，詞之創作尤難於詩。是以臺灣古典文學發展，必至乙未前後，方能啟開詞壇閾限。無悶詞適逢其會而卓然特立，除說明其人績學深厚，久漸藝文，亦證明臺灣文風歷經三百年蓄積醞釀，雲蒸霞蔚而斐然可觀，至此已有追步中土之勢。朝崧生性率真多情而擅於辭章，遙應清詞「貴真」、「尚情」的尊體理論。其詞總以世道、文運、身家、詩友、兒女諸端為題材，時見沈鬱頓錯、悲涼深婉之風格，處處流露蒼茫悲慨之感，大抵為詩所難言者，不得不發而為詞。朝崧深受傳統士大夫養成教育影響，當其身處清末國運、文運劇烈變遷，面對乙未割臺，臺灣淪落日本殖民統治，加上新文化衝擊，傳統文學急遽衰微的鉅變，因政治的陵替與學術的落空，其詞不免傾吐雙重的遺民哀思，寫下一代士人共同的命運，成就其「以詞為史」的地位。無論就詞品、風格的呈現、臺灣文學發展脈絡、反映亂離時代士人襟懷而言，無悶詞都具有特殊意義，值得研究臺灣古典文學者深入探討。

關鍵字

林朝崧 ； 無悶詞 ； 無悶草堂詩餘 ； 臺灣古典詞學

並列摘要

Mr. Chao-Sung Lin is the most renowned poet in Taiwanese literature. ”Wu-Men Ts'u” is the representative of his creation besides poems. Each style of literary works has to be confined by tones, prosody, and intonation. Especially, Chao-Sung Lin compiles lots of long poems. That takes talents, knowledge and thinking ability. The writing of Ts'u is harder than poems. Hence the development of Taiwanese classical literature cannot enter into the field of Ts'u until 1895. ”Wu-Men TS'u” was written in the nick of time. It not only conveyed Mr. Chao-Sung Lin's profundity of knowledge and dip into literary arts but also witnessed the accumulation of Taiwanese literature over three hundred years. It finally kept up with the mainland China till this moment. Chao-Sung Lin was naïve, passionate and good at writings. His verse echoed with the royal style of ”Treasure Truth” and ”Adore Affections” in Ching Ts'u. His topics were based on public morals、literary movements、families、friends in poetry and children. It often revealed his style of melancholy and sadness, which was hardly depicted by poems. So it was to be presented by Ts'u. Chao-Sung was born in the drastic transition period of political power and literary movements in late Ching dynasty. At his time, Taiwan was colonized by Japan. He faced with the sudden change of traditional literature as well as the conflicts of new culture. The political shift and literature emptiness duplicated the sorrow in his wording. He wrote down the mutual fate of the literate and consolidated his status of ”writing history with Ts'u”. ”Wu-Men Ts'u ”had its unique meaning no matter in wording, style presentation, Taiwanese literature development and the reflection of people's feelings in chaotic times. It is worth further research of experts interested in Taiwanese literature.

並列關鍵字

Chao-Sung Lin ； Wu-Men Ts'u ； Wu-Men Ts'u House Poems ； Taiwanese Classical Anthology