福山試驗林闊葉林生態系地上部養分之聚集與分布

Estimates of Aboveground Nutrient Accumulation in Broadleaf Forests of the Fushan Forest

林國銓(Kuo-Chuan Lin) ； 洪富文(Fu-Wen Horng) ； 游漢明(Han-Ming Yu) ； 馬復京(Fu-Ching Ma)

《台灣林業科學》 11卷1期 (1996/03) Pp. 29-42

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.199603.0029

摘要

在宜蘭福山地區的暖溫帶闊葉林中，選擇不同孔隙更新時期的兩種林分－建造期與成熟期，以全刈法測定及估算林分生物量後，分析及推算全林分地上部養分貯存及分布量。成熟期林分灌木及地被植物的養分，大部分集中在葉，佔總量的1/3以上；但建造期不同，樹幹為養分集中之處。而喬木養分的分布，兩林分皆以樹幹最大，大枝條次之，小枝條再次之，葉最低，此與生物量的累積類似。就林分而言，建造期林分，約60%以上的各類養分皆集中在喬木，枝葉層只佔約2-12%；成熟期林分，喬木累積更高比例的養分，達84-93%。林分地上部及枝葉層聚集的養分，成熟期林分為氮l,026kg/ha，磷71kg/ha，鉀628kg/ha，鈣845kg/ha，鎂203kg/ha；建造期林分為氮635k/ha,磷38kg/ha，鉀383kg/ha，鈣338kg/ha，鎂170kg/ha。成熟期林分各種養分累積量為建造期者的1.2-2.5倍。顯示孔隙更新期間林分養分累積量明顯地減少。福山地區林分與生物量相似的其它林型比較，鈣聚集量偏低。其餘養分也低於一般的熱帶雨林。

關鍵字

建造期 ； 成熟期 ； 孔隙更新 ； 暖溫帶闊葉林

並列摘要

In the Fushan broadleaf forest ecosystem, two sampling plots were selected to represent stands at the building and mature phases of gap regeneration. All trees in the plots and all shrubs and herbs in the subplots were removed, weighed, and the primary nutrient concentrations of all plant components were analyzed. The distribution and accumulation of aboveground nutrient storage of the stands were estimated. The largest proportion of nutrients in the shrub and herb stratum of the mature-phase stand was concentrated in the foliage, representing over 1/3 of the total amount, but in the building-phase stand it was in bole. The distribution of primary nutrients and biomass among tree components in both stands was the same; that is, the largest nutrient pools were in the boles, followed by large branches, small branches, and foliage. The aboveground vegetation and litterfall layer contained 1,026kg/ha N, 71kg/ha P,628kg/ha K,845kg/ha Ca, and 203kg/ha Mg in the mature-phase stand, and 635kg/ha N,38kg/ha P.383kg/ha K, 338kg/ha Ca, and 170kg/ha Mg in the building-phase stand. The amounts of nutrients were from 1.2 to 2.5 times higher in the mature- phase stand than in the building-phase stand, indicating decreases of nutrient accumulations after gap occurrence. Over 60% of the nutrient pools in the building-phase stand were concentrated in trees, while only 2% to 12% were in the litterfall layer. However, even larger percentages, 84% to 93%, of the nutrient pools in the mature-phase stand were in trees. The stands in Fushan area accumulated less nutrients compared with tropical rain forests. Accumulation of Ca was especially lower than that in different forest types with similar biomass.

並列關鍵字

building phase ； mature phase ； gap regeneration ； warm temperate broadleaf forest