台灣省私有林經營輔導之研究

A Study on Afforestation Assistance Programs for Private Forests in Taiwan

汪大雄(Dar-Hsiung Wang) ； 鍾旭和(Hsu-Ho Chung) ； 王培蓉(Pei-Jung Wang)

《台灣林業科學》 13卷1期 (1998/03) Pp. 55-68

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.199803.0055

摘要

台灣省私有林在面積上雖然和國有林相差甚遠，然就經濟，保安，娛樂和保健等多層面之觀點，私有林都甚為重要。因此應重視私有林之經濟管理。本研究依據立地條件和林農意願，在新竹縣北埔鄉和苗栗南莊鄉交界地區和竹東地區進行約60ha私有林地之經營規劃，實施共同合作經營以擴大私有林之經營規模，降低經營成本。在規劃地區依照經營目標，以適地適種為原則栽植不同樹種。以個案為例，分別從私有和公有經濟之觀點，以淨現值法和通用土壤流失法進行私有林經營成本及效益之評估。此外，設計問卷，抽樣面訪桃園縣之私有林農175戶，進行私有林經營現況，營林意願之分析。最後，研擬若干輔導私有林經營的策略和方案，使用logit模型探討不同林農／林地特質對不同政策偏好的影響程度。個案研究顯示，從私有經濟之觀點，在實質貼現率為4.24%下，若無任何補貼，林農種植柳杉平均每年損失近8,444元／ha，但從公有經濟之角度，將石門水庫集水區內全部農墾地造林所產生之外部效益每年可達4,741元／ha。輔導方案以森林災害補助最為林農偏好。在林農／林地特質方面以林農教育程度、林地距離、面積大小、經營型態和有無收益等變數對林農方案偏好之影響程度較大。

關鍵字

私有林 ； 經營輔導 ； 合作林地 ； 效益評估

並列摘要

From the multiple perspectives of economic, protection, recreation, health, and aesthetic aspects, private forests are of great importance, although the area covered by private forests is rather smaller than that covered by national forest in Taiwan. In order to help private forestland owners expand their management scale, a model for unifying small woodlots into a larger scale with multiobjective management planning has been set up in this study. An evaluation of benefits of afforestation for private forest owners with present net value and soil loss approach as the case study has been carried out through personal and socio-economic viewpoints, respectively. This study shows that, given a discount rate of 4.24%, without any grant endorsement, investment in plantations will cause the forest owner to sustain losses of an average of NT$8,444/ha annually. However, a social benefit with annual NT$4,741/ha on average will be available for plantation conversion of farm lands in the Shimen Reservoir Watershed Area. In addition, specifically, 175 private forest owners in Taoyuan County were visited to assess their management intentions, and preferences of afforestation assistance strategies proposed in this study. Among these strategies, a forest damage grant is most preferred by the forest owners surveyed. Finally, a logit model is used to analyze the influential factors on policy choice.

並列關鍵字

private forests ； afforestation assistance ； cooperative forestlands ； benefit evaluation