接種方法與接種源濃度對松樹松材線蟲萎凋病發生之影響

Effects of Inoculation Method and Inoculum Concentration on the Occurrence of Pine Wilt Disease

張瑞璋(Ruey-Jang Chang)

《台灣林業科學》 14卷4期 (1999/12) Pp. 409-417

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.199912.0409

摘要

松樹松材線蟲萎凋病的發病率與潛伏期受接種方法和接種源濃度的影響。利用鑽孔接種法、剝皮接種法和截枝接種法，分別將總量約2000隻的松材線蟲(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)接種到三年生的黑松(Pinus thunbergii)苗木，其中發病率以鑽孔接種者為最高，發病率達100%；其次為剝皮和截枝接種者，發病率分別為70%和60%。潛伏期以鑽孔接種者為最短，平均為26天，而以剝皮和截枝接種者，其潛伏期的平均天數則分別為35和33天。三種接種方法的致死天數平均為20-22天，彼此間並無顯著差異。將總量約為1600，1000，600，200和100隻的松材線蟲，以鑽孔接種法接種到三年生的黑松幼苗，接種源濃度達600隻或以上者，其發病率均為100%，而以200隻和100隻線蟲接種者，其發病率分別為40%和30%。潛伏期的長短明顯受到接種源濃度的影響，兩者呈負相關性；一般而言，高濃度的接種源，病徵較早出現。五種接種源濃度的致死天數平均為28-35天，彼此間無顯著的不同。

關鍵字

接種方法 ； 接種源濃度 ； 松材線蟲 ； 潛伏期

並列摘要

The disease incidence and incubation period of pine wilt caused by the pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) were influenced by inoculation method and inoculum concentration. Incidence of pine wilt was higher and the incubation period was shorter when 3-yr-old Japanese black pines (Pinus thunbergii) were inoculated with 2000 pinewood nematodes using the stem- drilling method as compared to the bark-peeling and branch-cutting methods. Disease incidences for stem-drilling, bark-peeling, and branch-cutting were 100%, 70%, and 60%, and incubation periods were 26, 35, and 33d, respectively. The lethal periods ranged from 20 to 22d which were not affected by the inoculation method. Incidences of pine wilt were 100% when Japanese black pines were inoculated with 600 or more pinewood nematodes by the stem-drilling method. However, using the same inoculation method, incidences of pine wilt decreased to 40% and 30% as the nematode concentration decreased to 200 and 100, respectively. The length of the incubation period was negatively correlated with inoculum concentration. Generally, symptoms appeared earlier in pines inoculated with the higher inoculum concentration. Lethal periods ranged from 28 to 35d and were not influenced by the inoculum concentration.

並列關鍵字

inoculation method ； inoculum concentration ； pinewood nematode ； incubation period