造林木邊材乙醯化後之耐腐性及抗白蟻性

本研究應用醋酸酐(acetic anhydride)處理柳杉(Japanese cedar; Cryptomeria japonica)和二葉松(Taiwan red pine; Pinus taiwanensis)之邊材，將木材結構轉化爲乙醯化衍生物。測定不同加熱(110℃)反應時間之重量增加率(WG, %)，以瞭解乙醯化之程度。加熱1 h後，柳杉和二葉松之WG值分別爲18.51%及19.70%。加熱2 h後，2種試材之WG值均達到20%以上。隨著加熱時間之增長，兩種邊材之WG值也逐漸增大。唯加熱5 h之後，WG值增加速度明顯降低。參照標準步驟(CNS-6717)觀測乙醯化木材之耐腐性，試驗用菌種爲褐腐菌Oligoporus subcaesius D.(TFRI198)。再依照ASTM-D3345之標準方法，探討乙醯化木材之抗白蟻性，使用之白蟻爲家白蟻(Coptotermes formosanus)。與對照材之腐朽率及白蟻侵蝕狀況相比較，乙醯化木材之耐腐及抗白蟻性質均獲得有效改善。唯處理時間超過5h以後，耐腐及抗白蟻效應之增進速率均減緩。

關鍵字

造林木；乙醯化木材；重量增加率；耐腐性；抗白蟻性

並列摘要

Sapwoods fromplanted Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and Taiwan red pine (Pinus taiwanensis) were treated with acetic anhydride to obtain acetylated derivatives. The weight percent gain (WG, %) of acetylated wood was measured after different periods of heating (at 110℃). After being heated for 1 h, the WG values of wood samples were observed to be 18.51% (Japanese cedar) and 19.70% (Taiwan redpine). Both wood samples' WG values were found to be higher than 20% after 2 h of heating. As the heating period increased in length, the WG values grew accordingly. However, the rate of increase obviously dropped after 5 h of reaction. The decay resistance of acetylated sapwood was determined according to standard procedures (CNS-6717). The brown-rot fungus, Oligoporus subcaesius D. (TFRI198), was used for this test. Termite resistance of acetylated sapwood was examined according to standard methods (ASTM-D3345). The experimental termite was Coptotermes formosanus. Compared to the control wood samples, both the decay and termite resistances were found to be improved by acetylation. These improved effects were also shown to increase more slowly after 5 h of reaction.

並列關鍵字

planted trees ； acetylated sapwood ； weight percent gain ； decay resistance ； termite resistance

國際替代計量

造林木邊材乙醯化後之耐腐性及抗白蟻性

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