本樟樹葉與木材精油含量及其化學成分之研究

Yields and Chemical Components of Essential Oils from Leaves and Wood of the Eucamphor Tree (Cinnamomum camphor subsp. formosana var. oxidentalis subvar. eucamphor)

謝瑞忠(Jui-Chung Shieh)

《台灣林業科學》 18卷4期 (2003/12) Pp. 317-327

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.200312.0317

摘要

本研究係探尋本樟樹葉及木材含精油量及其化學成分鑑定，精油含量係使用水蒸氣蒸餾法，化學成分係使用氣相層析儀之滯留時間及氣相層析－質譜儀(GC-MS)之鑑定。葉部精油含量為3.56%(v/w)，其中液體精油含量3.47%(v/w)，結晶部分含量0.09%(v/w)，木材精油含量5.86%(v/w)，其中液體精油含量5.54%(v/w)，結晶部分含量0.32%(v/w)。葉部精油有camphor等33種成分被鑑定出，木材精油有43種成分被鑑定。本樟葉精油中，液體部分含camphor54.01%，其他重要成分有ρ-cymene7.88%，α-pinene6.25%及l，8-cineole 3.28%等3種；而結晶部分則含camphor 97.10%。木材精油中，液體部分含camphor量為57.72%，其他重要成分有safrole 14.43%，l，8-cineole 5.10%，α-terpineol 5.04%及linalool 3.11%等；而結晶部分則含camphor 97.15%。

關鍵字

本樟 ； 精油 ； 精油含量 ； 化學成分 ； 樟腦

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to determine the variation in yields and components of essential oil from leaves and wood of the eucamphor tree (Cinnamomum camphor subsp. formosana var. oxidentalis subvar eucamphor). Essential oils were obtained by steam distillation, and components of the essential oils were analyzed and identified by retention times (Rt) on gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Yields of essential oils obtained from eucamphor tree leaves and wood were 3.56% and 5.86% (v/w), respectively. The liquid fraction and crystal fraction separated from the essential oils of eucamphor tree leaves were 3.47% and 0.09% (v/w) and 5.54% and 0.32% (v/w) for eucamphor tree wood, respectively. In the leaves, camphor was the major component accounting for 54.01% (in the liquid fraction) and 97.10% (in the crystal fraction), respectively. There were 32 other components identified including ρ-cymene, α-pinene, 1, 8-cineole, etc. Camphor in liquid and crystal forms accounted for 57.72% and 97.15%, respectively, of the essential oil of eucamphor tree wood. There were 42 other components presented in the wood oil, including safrole, 1, 8-cineole, α-terpineol and linalool, etc.

並列關鍵字

eucamphor tree ； essential oil ； essential oil content ； chemical component ； camphor