芳樟樹葉與木材精油含量及其化學成分之研究

Yields and Chemical Components of Essential Oils from the Leaves and Wood of the Linalool Tree (Cinnamomum camphor subsp. formosana var. oxidentalis subvar. linaloola)

謝瑞忠(Jui-Chung Shieh)

《台灣林業科學》 18卷4期 (2003/12) Pp. 329-338

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.200312.0329

摘要

本研究係探尋芳樟樹葉及木材含精油含量及其化學成分鑑定，精油含量係使用水蒸氣蒸餾法，化學成分係使用氣相層析儀之滯留時間及氣相層析-質譜儀(GC-MS)之鑑定。
芳樟樹葉及木材在不同蒸餾時間2、4、6及8h，葉含精油量，依序為2.85、3.22、4.20及4.23%(v/w)，木材精油含油量，依序為2.89、3.55、4.46及4.61%(v/w)，含油量隨時間而增加，但蒸餾6 h以後含量增加不多。
芳樟樹葉精油証實含有27種成分存在，其中linalool為主成分。在不同蒸餾時間之精油，主成分均為linalool，隨蒸餾時間增加，含量有少量減少，但β-caryophyllene則相反有少量增加。
芳樟木材精油証實含有27種成分，linalool及camphor為主成分。在不同蒸餾時間之精油，linalool和camphor含量隨蒸餾時間增加，含量反而略為下降，但safrole含量反而略為增加，其他成分如l, 8-cineole、α-terpineol及safrole隨蒸餾時間增長，各成分含量有差異，但變化不大。

關鍵字

芳樟 ； 精油 ； 精油含量 ； 化學成分 ； 伽羅木醇

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to determine the variation in yields and components of essential oil from leaves and wood of the linalool tree (Cinnamomum camphor subsp. formosana var. oxidentalis subvar linaloola). Essential oils were obtained by steam distillation, and components of the essential oils were analyzed and identified by retention times (Rt) of gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Yields of essential oils obtained from the leaves of linalool tree distilled for 2, 4, 6, and 8 h were 2.85, 3.22, 4.20, and 4.23% (v/w), respectively. From the wood, yields were 2.89, 3.55, 4.46, and 4.61% (v/w), respectivety. The yield of essential oil increased with increasing distillation time but showed no significant gain after 6 h of distillation.
Twenty-seven components were identified in the essential oil of linalool tree leaves, and the major component from different distillation periods was linalool. Linalool content in leaf oils decreased with increasing distillation time, but β-caryophyllene content increased with increasing distillation time. Twenty-seven components were identified in the essential oil from the wood of linalool tree, and the major components for different distillation periods were linalool (42.41~47.78%) and camphor (31.60~36.04%). Contents of linalool and camphor in wood oil decreased with increasing distillation time, but the safrole content increased with increasing distillation time. There were little differences in the contents of 1, 8-cineole, 4-terpineol, and α-terpineol with respect to distillation time.

並列關鍵字

Cinnamomum camphor subsp. formosana var. oxidentalis subvar linaloola ； essential oil ； essential oil content ； chemical component ； linalool