Soil Temperature Regimes in the Lienhuachih Area of Central Taiwan

台灣中部蓮華池地區土壤溫度變化特性之研究

陸象豫(Shiang-Yue Lu) ； 黃良鑫(Liang-Shin Hwang) ； 唐凱軍(Kai-Jung Tang) ； 黃惠雪(Hui-Hsueh Huang)

《台灣林業科學》 23卷2期 (2008/06) Pp. 145-153

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.200806.0145

摘要

土壤溫度及其變動將會影響土壤理化性質、微生物活動以及植物生長，因而被視為主要的土壤特性之一。本報告藉由分析林業試驗所蓮華池研究中心1982至1991年每日09:00、14:00及21:00三次觀測的土溫紀錄，分析該地區土壤溫度的特性及季節與日變動情形。結果獲知試驗期間運華池地區之大氣溫度及土壤0、5、10、20及30 cm深處之年均溫度分別為21.4、22.0、22.7、2.27、23.1及228℃，並且各土壤層次與大氣的最高月均溫及最低月均溫均發生在7及1月。多數月份之土壤最高平均溫均發生於深度20 cm處，顯示此一深度之土壤保有最高的熱含量。氣溫及土壤0、5、10、20及30 cm深處於試驗期間的年變化範圍分別為：14.3、13.2、13.0、11.6、11.1、10.5℃，顯示越深的土壤層溫度變化越小。無論各月分及各土壤層次，一日當中14:00觀測紀錄均為最高；而09:00時的觀測紀錄均為最低值。除表層5 cm土壤溫度的日變化量人於3℃外，蓮華池地區土壤溫度的日變化量均在3℃以下，且深度超過5 cm的土壤溫度日變化量在任何季節均為不顯著。

關鍵字

土壤溫度 ； 溫度變動 ； 蓮華池地區

並列摘要

Soil temperature and its fluctuations, which affect the soil’s physical and chemical properties, biological activity, and vegetation growth, are considered to be important characteristics of soil. Historical soil temperature records of 3 observations at 09:00, 14:00, and 21:00 within a day from 1982 to 1991 in the Lienhuachih area were reorganized and analyzed to understand seasonal and daily temperature fluctuations in the study area. The results indicated that the yearly average temperatures for the air, and soil layers at 0.5, 10. 20, and 30 cm from the soil surface were 21.4, 22.0, 22.7, 22.7, 23.1, and 22.8℃, respectively, and the maximum and minimum monthly average soil temperatures respectively occurred in July and January for air and all soil layers. The highest values of the monthly average soil temperature mostly occurred at 20-cm depth from the soil surface, which indicated that soil at this depth contained the maximum heat as a result of an energy balance from receiving and emitting solar radiation and the internal energy of the earth. Ranges of yearly temperature fluctuations were 14.3, 13.2, 13.0, 11.6, 11.1, and 10.5℃ for air and soil depths at 0, 5, 10, 20, and 30 cm below the soil surface, respectively. This indicates that the deeper the soil the smaller changes in temperature that were observed. The highest soil temperatures within a day were always the records observed at 14:00 for all depths, while the lowest were records observed at 09:00. The magnitude of daily soil temperature fluctuations exceeding 3℃ only occurred in soil layers at ＜ 5 cm in depth. In addition, fluctuations within a day were insignificant in layers deeper than 5 cm from the soil surface in the Lienhuachih area.

並列關鍵字

soil temperature ； temperature fluctuation ； Lienhuachih area