Germination and Storage Behavior of Seeds of Litsea coreana Levl.

鹿皮斑木薑子種子的發芽與儲藏性質

楊正釧(Jeng-Chuann Yang) ； 郭幸榮(Shing-Rong Kuo) ； 李瓊美(Chiung-Mei Lee)

《台灣林業科學》 23卷4期 (2008/12) Pp. 309-321

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.200812.0309

摘要

本研究目的在明瞭鹿皮斑木薑子種子的發芽特性與探討其儲藏行為，並決定其最適當的儲藏方法。供試的2批鹿皮斑木薑子新鮮種子以30/20℃(day/night)變溫經12週後之發芽率為6.3與0%，然經4℃層積6與7個月後可完全解除其深度休眠，使此2批種子的發芽率分別提升至63.4與81.9%，且可使 種子集中在4週內發芽，平均發芽日數分別為15.0與18.2日。另2+2組合層積（先經2個月的30/20℃(day/night)暖溫層積再轉入4℃層積2個月）的發芽前處理亦能完全解除其休眠，使此2批種子的發芽率分別提升至82.5與78.6%，且可使種子集中在3週內發芽，平均發芽日數分別為13.8與21.9日。鹿皮斑木薑子種子能耐乾旱，當含水率被降至6~14%後，大部分種子仍能存活，然種子非常不耐-20℃環境，含水率2~25%之種子在儲藏4小時內就全部死亡；當儲藏在1、4與15℃時，均以含水率約6%的種子最能維持活力，含水率低至3%或高於10%之種子在短期內活力就會顯著下降。乾藏種子之最適溫度以4℃明顯優於1與15℃。因此，以其能忍受乾燥但卻對零下低溫敏感之特性，判斷屬中間型種子。儲存鹿皮斑木薑子種子之最佳條件為4℃濕藏，2年後約仍有65%之種子具有發芽能力。

關鍵字

鹿皮斑木薑子 ； 發芽 ； 層積 ； 種子儲藏行為 ； 中間型種子

並列摘要

The objective of this study was to understand the germination characteristics of Litsea coreana seeds and to determine the seed storage behavior to suggest the most appropriate treatment for seed storage. Fresh samples from seedlot 1 reached a germination percentage of 6.3%, while no germination was observed in seedlot 2 after incubation under alternating temperatures of 30/20℃ (day/night) for 12 wk. However, 6 and 7 mo of 4℃ stratification broke the seed dormancy, leading to 63.4 and 81.9% germination rates for seedlots 1 and 2, respectively. Emergence was able to occur within 4 wk with mean germination times of 15.0 and 18.2 d, respectively. Moreover, a combined 2-mo warm (30/20℃) and 2-mo cold (4℃) stratification was another effective pretreatment for dormancy breaking, with the germination percentages of these 2 seedlots reaching 82.5 and 78.6%, while the germination period was decreased to 3 wk and the mean germination times were 13.8 and 21.9 d, respectively. According to our results, most seeds of L. coreana can survive desiccation to 6~14% moisture contents, whereas they were extremely sensitive to -20℃ as evidenced by the fact that the viability of the seeds at 2~25% moisture contents were totally lost within 4 h. At a moisture content of about 6%, L. coreana seeds were most capable of remaining viable when stored at 1, 4, and 15℃; in comparison, the viability of those at moisture contents of ＜3% or ＞10% substantially declined at the same temperatures. Furthermore, seed viability was best maintained at a temperature of 4℃ rather than 1 or 15℃. Therefore, L. coreana seeds were considered to express an intermediate storage behavior due to their moderate tolerance of desiccation and sensitivity to freezing temperatures. Additionally, the optimal approach for L. coreana seeds is moist storage at 4℃, which enabled 65% of initially germinable seeds to remain viable after 2 yr.

並列關鍵字

Litsea coreana ； germination ； stratification ； seed storage behavior ； intermediate seeds