Applying Chitosan to Increase the Fungal Resistance of Paper-Based Cultural Relics

幾丁聚醣應用於紙質文物抗黴性之探討

夏滄琪(Tsang-Chyi Shiah)

《台灣林業科學》 24卷4期 (2009/12) Pp. 285-294

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.200912.0285

摘要

黴菌常使紙類藝術品、文物遭到破壞、損毀。因真菌類之生長活動所造成紙質文物損壞，其類型包括：因菌落生長而妨礙圖面觀賞、各種形式的著生干擾介質與紙張之結構及子實體埋入紙層中而引起之紙張表面損壞。因子實體產生之色素、菌絲位置的色素及顏料隱入紙張基質中而導致的變色及因酵素分解纖維素而導致紙張結構之破壞。基於幾丁聚醣為一優越之天然、無毒的抗菌劑，因而在近年來已被廣泛地應用於生物科技相關領域之研究課題。本研究嘗試以幾丁聚醣應用於紙質文物黴害之防治，期能克服紙質表面之黴害劣化，而延長其保存年限。試驗結果顯示：去乙醯化度95%及濃度為1.5%的幾丁聚醣含浸濾紙之抗黴效果最好，隨濃度提高抗黴效果較優。在相同濃度下，不同去乙醯化度比較，以去乙醯化度越高者，其抗黴效果也越顯著。本研究採用幾丁聚醣進行多種黴害真菌之防黴試驗，期能減少傳統藥劑處理之毒性及公害問題，以克服紙質表面之黴害劣化，而提供紙質文物保存處理之另一選項。

關鍵字

幾丁聚醣 ； 黴害 ； 紙質文物

並列摘要

Paper-based artworks and documents often suffer damage from the growth of fungi. Biological damage is mainly brought about by unsuitable environmental conditions and often results in discoloration and structural damage to the basic components of the materials or to the essential additive constituents. Mold growing on paper products is one kind of bio-deterioration; moldy stains on paper obviously decrease the life of rare books, paintings, and art crafts, and make them more difficult to preserve. Chitin, after cellulose, is the 2nd most abundant material in nature. Chitosan is a substance obtained by the deacetylation of chitin, the principal component of many living things, including crustaceans, insects, and fungi. Because of their superior properties and abundance, chitosan and chitin are extensively commercially utilized worldwide.
Due to the fact that chitosan is a cationic polymer and a cationic polyelectrolyte, it shows superior antimicrobial properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using chitosan as a possible material to increase the fungal resistance of paper-based cultural relics. Filter paper treated with 1.5% deacetylated chitosan showed the best fungal resistance effect; the higher the concentration of chitosan, the more superior was the fungal resistance effect obtained. At the same concentration, the higher the deacetylation of chitosan, the better the fungal resistance effect was. The application of chitosan to increase the fungal resistance of paper-based cultural relics can be a viable alternative conservation strategy for paper-based artifacts and archives.

並列關鍵字

chitosan ； mold ； paper-based cultural relics