棲蘭山環境溫度對親屍性甲蟲多樣性的影響

The Effect of Ambient Temperature on the Biodiversity of Necrophilous Beetles at Chilanshan, Northeastern Taiwan

黃文伯(Wen-Be Hwang) ； 賴韋翰(Wei-Han Lai) ； 葛兆年(Chao-Nien Koh)

《台灣林業科學》 29卷S期 (2014/12) Pp. s55-64

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.201412/SP_29.0005

摘要

本研究以懸掛型誘餌掉落式陷阱調查棲蘭山親屍性甲蟲的群東結構，並探討環境溫度變化對物種豐度、豐量與多樣性的影響。於2013年1月至12月，共捕獲親屍性甲蟲6科70種1772隻，其中以隱翅蟲科、球單晶科與埋葬蟲科在個體豐量上較佔優勢。親屍性甲蟲的組成結構在人工林與天然林之間，具有36.81%(Wainstein's Similarity Index, K_w)的相似性。天然林的月均溫顯著比人工林低，但在每月捕獲的個體豐量上，在天然林則顯著較高。無論在人工林或天然林，物種豐度、豐量與Shannon-Wiener多樣性指數三者以二次多項式分析，皆與月均溫有顯著的正相關，環境溫度越高，親屍性甲蟲的物種豐度、豐量與Shannon-Wiener多樣性指數亦越高。此外，與人工林相比，天然林的二次多項式曲線則往較低溫的方向偏移。此顯示中海拔霧林帶棲蘭山的環境溫度，對親屍性甲蟲的群眾結構有顯著的影響。

關鍵字

親屍性甲蟲 ； 多樣性 ； 溫度 ； 森林 ； 棲蘭山

並列摘要

Baited hang-fall traps were used to research the community structure of necrophilous beetles at Chilanshan, northeastern Taiwan and the effects of change s in the ambient temperature on the species richness, abundance, and diversity. In total, 1772 individuals of 70 species and 6 families of necrophilous beetles were collected in January to December 2013. Three families, i.e., the Staphylinidae, Leiodidae, and Silphidae, were dominant in terms of individual abundances. The community similarity of necrophilous beetles was 36.81% (Wainstein's similarity index, K_w) between the plantation and the natural forest. Average monthly temperatures were significantly lower in the natural forest than on the plantation, while monthly individual abundances were higher in the natural forest. Species richness, individual abundances, and the Shannon-Wiener index were significantly correlated with the average monthly temperature in a quadratic relationship. The higher the ambient temperature was, the higher were the species richness, individual abundance, and Shannon-Wiener index of the necrophilous beetle community. In addition, the quadratic polynomial curve of the natural forest was shifted in the direction of lower temperatures compared to that of the plantation. These results indicate that the ambient temperature had a significant impact on the community structure of necrophilous beetles in the cloud forest at mid-elevation Chilanshan.

並列關鍵字

necrophilous beetles ； biodiversity ； temperature ； forest ； Chilanshan