Monitoring the Vegetation Dynamics of Early Succession Following a Landslide on Shanping Forest Road

扇平林道崩塌地演替初期植被動態之監測

周富三(Fu-Shan Chou) ； 林文智(Wen-Chih Lin) ； 陳永修(Yung-Hsiu Chen) ； 廖俊奎(Chun-Kuei Liao)

《台灣林業科學》 30卷4期 (2015/12) Pp. 217-228

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.201512_30(4).0001

摘要

本研究的目的是使用無線感應網路系統及野外植相調查來監測2011至2013年扇平林道5.3 K處崩塌地的植群動態。在崩塌地內設置3個20 m×20 m的永久樣區，記錄樣區內所有的樹木名稱，胸高直徑達1 cm以上者測量其胸高直徑，胸高直徑未達1 cm以上者則測量其地徑，並測量樹高、冠幅及每木位置，每年的4及10月各調查一次，分別代表乾溼季的資料。植被覆蓋度是用生物影像處理分析軟體Image J分析植被照片而得，植物介量採用重要值指數來計算。結果顯示扇平林道5.3 K處崩塌地植被覆蓋面積有逐年增加的趨勢且乾溼季有顯著差異，植被覆蓋面積佔總崩塌地面積的比例分別為6.86%（2011／4）, 17.96%（2011／10）, 14.68%（2012／4）, 30.5%（2012／10）, 15.9%（2013／4）, 33.4%（2013／10）。崩塌地內主要的樹木組成，以山黃麻、白匏子、血桐、山芙蓉及羅氏鹽膚木等陽性先驅樹種為優勢，這些樹木的重要值並沒有逐年增加的趨勢且乾溼季的重要值無顯著差異。小花蔓澤蘭的重要值有逐年下降的趨勢，而大花咸豐草的重要值則有逐年增加的趨勢。

關鍵字

扇平林道 ； 崩塌地 ； 植被動態

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to monitor the vegetation dynamics of a landslide on Shanping Forest Road (at 5.3 Km) using a wireless sensor network system and field floristic surveys between 2011 and 2013. In April 2011, 3 dynamic plots (20×20 m) were demarcated on the landslide. At the center of each quadrate, a small quadrate (1×1 m) was demarcated to survey understory plants. All live woody stems with a diameter at breast height (dbh) of ≧1 cm in the dynamic plots were identified and grouped into relevant species, measured for dbh and canopy crown, and mapped onto an X-Y coordinate position. Floristic surveys were conducted in April and October of every year for dry and rainy season data, respectively. Image J software was used to analyze vegetation photographs to estimate the vegetation cover of the landslide area. Importance value (IV) parameters were used to describe the population structure of the plants. Proportions of vegetation that covered the landslide area were 6.86% (Apr. 2011), 17.96% (Otc. 2011), 14.68% (Apr. 2012), 30.5% (Otc. 2012), 15.9% (Apr. 2013), and 33.4% (Otc. 2013). The proportion of vegetation gradually increased each year, and a conspicuous difference existed in the amount of vegetation between the dry and rainy seasons. The forest canopy surrounding the landslide was dominated by pioneer trees such as ＂Trema orientalis＂, ＂Mallotus paniculatus＂, ＂Macaranga tanarius＂, ＂Hibiscus taiwanensis＂, and ＂Rhus javanica＂. Their IVs did not gradually increase each years and a conspicuous difference existed in the amount of vegetation between the dry and rainy seasons. The IV dynamics of ＂Mikania micrantha＂ gradually decreased each year. In contrast, the IVs of ＂Bidens. pilosa＂ increased each year.

並列關鍵字

Shanping Forest Road ； landslide ； vegetation dynamics