Effects of Carbonization Temperatures in an Earthen Kiln on the Properties of Bamboo Charcoal

土窯炭化溫度對竹炭性質之影響

黃國雄(Gwo-Shyong Hwang)

《台灣林業科學》 31卷4期 (2016/12) Pp. 285-291

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.201612_31(4).0002

摘要

Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens), Makino bamboo (Phyllostachys makinoi), and Ma bamboo (Dendrocalamus latiflorus) were used for charcoal making in an earthen kiln. Bamboo specimens were cut to 4~6 cm in width and 20 cm in length and then put in a with stainless steel cylinder. Five cylinders were piled up to 1 m in height. The carbonization temperature in each cylinder was respectively measured using a K-type thermocouple. In order to investigate the properties of bamboo charcoal affected by differences in the carbonization temperature in the earthen kiln, the pH value, true density, electrical resistivity, and specific surface area were determined for specimens sampled from different cylinders. From the results of the processes of carbonization temperatures of each cylinder in the earthen kiln, curves of different temperatures were obtained. The highest carbonization temperatures in different cylinders at the end of carbonizing were 774, 745, 695, 609, and 537℃, respectively, from top to bottom. pH values of bamboo charcoal were at the range of 8.96~10.26 and were not obviously affected by the species or carbonization temperature. The true density of bamboo charcoal increased with an increase in the carbonization temperature. The electrical resistivity of the 3 kinds of bamboo charcoal significantly decreased with an increase in the carbonization temperature. For all 3 kinds of bamboo charcoal, the specific surface area increased with an increase in the carbonization temperature.

關鍵字

earthen kiln ； carbonization temperature ； bamboo charcoal

並列摘要

本研究以國產之桂竹、孟宗竹與麻竹為材料，利用土窯研製竹炭。將上述三種材料鋸製成寬度4~6 cm、長度20 cm之試片後，放入五個直徑與高度均為20 cm之不銹鋼衝孔圓筒並堆疊成高度1 m，每一圓筒內中央分別插入直徑3.2 mm之K type測溫棒。為了瞭解土窯炭化溫度對竹炭性質之影響，取出土窯內各圓筒內不同炭化溫度之竹炭試材進行pH、真密度、電阻與比表面積等試驗，各圓筒內最終之炭化溫度由上而下分別為774、745、695、609與537℃。竹炭pH介於8.96~10.26受竹種與炭化溫度之影響不明顯，竹炭之真密度隨炭化溫度增高而增大，三種竹炭之電阻隨炭化溫度之增高而明顯降低，三種竹炭之比表面積隨炭化溫度之增高而增大。

並列關鍵字

土窯 ； 炭化溫度 ； 竹炭