全球化下脫貧策略的政治經濟背景研究：從Anthony Giddens觀點的探討

On the Political Economy of Removing Poverty in the Context of Globalization: From the Perspective of Anthony Giddens

郭俊巖(Chun-Yen Kuo) ； 王德睦(Te-Mu Wang)

《東吳社會工作學報》 18期 (2008/06) Pp. 105-134

https://doi.org/10.29734/SJSW.200806.0004

摘要

本文旨在從Giddens觀點探討全球化下的脫貧策略，包括教育投資和工作福利方案的可行性。在全球化和知識經濟的浪潮底下，西方國家的產業型態和勞動市場結構已發生了巨大變化，影響所至，許多原本擁有技術的工人，日趨面臨喪失技術優勢的風險，引致人們經常面臨失業和陷入長期貧窮之苦。對此，Giddens指出，他所倡議的社會投資國家是協助弱勢者增強知識技能和實現自立脫貧的最佳處方。即便Giddens的社會投資策略被批評在促進就業和脫貧的成效上並不理想，但Giddens從現代性的全球化背景下所提出的社會投資國家模式，卻引起國際政界和學界的熱烈討論，以致Giddens的福利觀依舊值得吾人進一步深究。

關鍵字

工作福利 ； 教育投資 ； 脫貧策略 ； 全球化 ； 福利理論

並列摘要

This article evaluates Anthony Giddens's proposed strategies of removing poverty in the context of Globalization, including the scheme of Education Investment and the scheme of Workfare. It is well-known that under the waves of Globalization and Knowledge-Economics, the types of industries and the structure of labor markets in the western industrials have undergone profound transformation, risking the loss the competitive edge of the skilled laborers, whose lives were threatened by the prospect of irregular unemployment and long-term poverty. In response, Giddens claims that his notion of a Social Investment State is the best way to help the disadvantaged increase knowledge skills, to realize the ideal of exiting poverty and to promote self-reliance. Even though the effectiveness of the scheme of Social Investment in removing poverty and promoting employment has failed to live up to the expectation, Giddens's proposal of Social Investment State model in the context of Globalization has received enthusiastic responses from all over the world, and his welfare theory remains an everlasting source of further investigation.

並列關鍵字

workfare ； education investment ； removing poverty ； globalization ； welfare theory

參考文獻

王永慈(2001)。「社會排除」：貧窮概念的再詮釋。社區發展季刊。95，72-84。

王順民(1996)。貧窮的歷史性解構：以英、美國為例。人文社會科學集刊。8(1)，79-113。

王學東譯、Beck, U.編(2000)。全球化與政治。北京:中央編譯出版社。

王篤強(2000)。道德與社會福利：美國八０年代主要福利思想的澄清與批判(博士論文)。國立中正大學社會福利研究所。

古允文譯、Gough, I.原著(1995)。福利國家的政治經濟學。台北:巨流。