本研究回顧了1985-2012年間,管理、教育及心理類等推薦期刊之領導效能的文獻。主要目的在了解國內有關領導效能的研究狀況,以提供國內研究者了解目前領導效能研究的脈絡與研究缺口。透過文獻蒐集、過濾、編碼等步驟,合計樣本文獻219篇,其中121篇收錄於TSSCI。回顧這些研究發現,台灣有關領導效能的研究在最近十年有明顯的成長。在效標方面,研究者偏愛以態度類為領導研究的結果變項;在理論方面,研究者偏好驗證轉換型領導;在領導理論的驗證上,中階主管是較少被驗證的對象,評量領導的觀點大多以部屬的角度,領導與結果的測量多以同一時間點居多,研究者十分倚賴調查法,而領導的研究層次觀念已逐漸受到重視。本文針對效標、理論、及驗證做深入的回顧分析與討論,以期呈現國內期刊有關領導效能文獻的樣貌,並提出未來可能的研究方向。
This review includes empirical leadership research in four categories of peer-reviewed journals in Taiwan from 1985 to 2012. The purposes of this study are to provide a thorough understanding of current status of leadership research, as well as to explore future needs for leadership research. We collected 219 empirical studies, and we coded them by criteria, theory, and theory testing settings. The results showed that the research of leadership has bloomed in the last 10 years. Regarding criteria, most of the studies adopted attitudes as outcome variables. In terms of leadership theory, researchers preferred to investigate transformational leadership than other leadership styles. From the theory testing point of view, few studies tested leadership theory in middle level managers. Most studies conducted field surveys, collected cross-sectional data, and measured subordinate point of view of leadership. The level of research in leadership has caught much attention in the recent decade. This review provides the whole picture of research on leadership effectiveness in domestic journals and outlines several directions for future research.