首楞嚴三昧與佛性：以《佛說首楞嚴三昧經》與《大般涅槃經》為主要文獻依據

本研究探討首楞嚴三昧與佛性之關連，目的在於深究首楞嚴三昧之內涵與其殊特之處，並依據經論論述首楞嚴三昧與佛性之關連理論，首楞嚴三昧能開發佛性之程度，以及對佛性修行實踐之重要意義。本研究著重經論之論理，研究方法為哲學與文獻並重。研究結果顯示首楞嚴三昧為不共二乘，菩薩所特有，十地菩薩方能完全證得之三昧。首楞嚴三昧為修習一切三昧所成就之三昧，是一切三昧之首，能統籌與自在入出一切三昧。佛性本蘊含一切契經與三昧，首楞嚴三昧涵括於其中，菩薩證得首楞嚴三昧顯發佛性不可思議之內涵。首楞嚴三昧蘊含一切三昧，證得首楞嚴三昧意味著一切三昧到位，首楞嚴三昧所開發出之般若波羅蜜多亦到位，般若波羅蜜多有關之無數波羅蜜多亦到位，如此佛性無量內涵已得幾近完全的顯發。修習首楞嚴三昧之過程是一連串之修心過程，有漸進之次第可循，直至成佛。而修習首楞嚴三昧之過程即是顯發佛性之過程。研究成果之創見與貢獻：目前學界鮮少做首楞嚴三昧與佛性關連之研究，本研究兼具理論與實踐意義能提供未來有關研究之參考。

關鍵字

首楞嚴三昧；佛性；《佛說首楞嚴三昧經》

並列摘要

The research purposes of this paper are discussing the special connotation of the suramgama-samadhi, and based on the Buddhist scriptures and treatises discussing the connection theory of the suramgama-samadhi and the Buddha nature, the suramgama-samadhi show the degree of the Buddha nature, as well as the important meaning of the practice of the Buddha nature. This study focuses on the theory and logic of the Buddhist scriptures and treatises, so research methods emphasize equally on philosophy and literature. The research results show that the suramgama-samadhi is incompatible with the two vehicles of the sravaka and pratyekabuddha, and is unique to the bodhisattvas. The bodhisattvas of the stage of the dharma-cloud (dharmamegha-bhumi ) completely get the suramgamasamadhi. The suramgama-samadhi is the accomplishment of practicing all the samadhi, and is the first and leader of all the samadhi, and heads up all the samadhi, and enters into and emerges at ease from all the samadhi. The Buddha nature contains all the Buddhist scriptures and the samadhi, encompassing the suramgamasamadhi. The bodhisattvas gained the suramgama-samadhi and the inconceivable connotation of the Buddha nature are revealed. The suramgama-samadhi contains all the samadhi. The bodhisattvas gained the suramgama-samadhi, and means all the samadhi are in place, and the prajña-paramita that the suramgama-samadhi enlighten are in place, and the innumerable paramita that related to the prajñaparamita are in place, so the immeasurable connotation of the Buddha nature is completely revealed. The process of practicing the suramgama-samadhi is a series of the process of the mind training. There is a gradual the order to follow until the becoming Buddha. The process that the bodhisattvas practice the suramgama-samadhi is the process that the bodhisattvas reveal the Buddha nature. The originalities and contributions of the research results: At present, scholars rarely study the connection of the suramgama-samadhi and the Buddha nature. This paper including both theory and practice can provide the reference for future related research.