Evaluation the effectiveness of on-job teacher continuing education has been a difficult issue for education administrators. The present study tries to propose a system integrating intellectual capital and balanced scorecard in a hope to establish a performance as a reference framework. The authors firstly introduce the concepts of intellectual capital and balanced scorecard through a literature review. The theoretical and application trends as well as the idea of combination of the two concepts are discussed. Secondly, we examine the issues associated with on-job continuing education of teachers. Strategies for improvement are provided. Lastly, the study suggests education administrators to use a system that integrates the ideas of intellectual capital and balanced scorecard to measure the performance of on-job continuing education of teachers.