- 期刊
「地方」與「世界」的辯證：台灣三○年代鄉土文學論述及其文化意涵
The Dialectic between the Local and the Global: The Hsiang-tu Literature Discussion and Its Cultural Meanings
摘要
三○年代初期，台灣的文學關懷逐漸從「時間」轉向「地方」，具體而言，便是一個將焦點從新舊文學爭議轉移到鄉土文學的過程。但是這種文學上的「鄉土」概念，並非企求回歸原鄉的本質，而是要求從「地方」來重新審視文學的現代化，就此意義而言，「鄉土」實為與現代性對話下的產物。本文以鄉土文學的崛起背景、爭議內容與轉向過程為觀察對象，並側重於探討「鄉土」與更大「世界」之間的複雜糾葛。本文首先梳理文學現代化中語言變革及因在地實踐而產生的縫隙，其次討論鄉土文學如何從現代性的縫隙中提出因應策略，最後則分析「鄉土」在現代情境中的矛盾困境及其所建構的文化意涵。本文指出，儘管鄉土文學在台灣話文的實踐上沒有顯著的成果，但它畢竟是發生在現代化浪潮裡的一場生死搏鬥，其意義在於，它提供一個論述平台，使得台灣以「鄉土」的身份而與更大的政治與文化單位展開平行的比較，並在此一過程中反身建構了自我的同一性，同時也使得「地方」的觀點與想像可以作為那由進化時間以及由更大他者所規定的「普遍性」的修正。
並列摘要
In the early 1930s, the focuses of Taiwanese literature debates were shifting from ”time” to ”place”, that is, from New and Old Literature to Hsiang-tu Literature. But the stand for Hsiang-tu literature was not based on the urge of returning to the past but on the request for reexamining the modernization from local points of view. Therefore the rise of Hsiang-tu literature is, in a way, a modern phenomenon. With regards to the concern over the dialogues between Hsiang-tu and modernity, this paper aims to trace the Hsiang-tu literature debates, particularly its involvement of the discussion regarding the local and the global. This research includes the following steps: the first is to observe the modern linguistic reform and its actual difficulties while practiced in Taiwan, second is to analyze how Hsiang-tu as a kind of strategies confronted the difficulties and what meanings the Hsiang-t literature debates brought to Taiwanese culture. In conclusion, it is pointed out that, in spite of the failure of Taiwan hwa-wen, the Hsiang-tu debates opened a horizon where Taiwan as the identity of Hsiang-tu could compare itself to the ”bigger Others”. Through the discussion of Hsiang-tu literature, Taiwanese literati did not only modify the universality defined by the bigger others with local point of views but also constructed Taiwan as a cultural integrality.