公有停車場收費管理法律屬性之研究

使用停車設施，給付相對費用，在市場經濟的概念下，原屬天地義理之事，但公有停車之收費，因涉及國家或政府機關之公法人角色，及有無公權力之介入，便使得其間關係不再單純。究竟公有停車場之收費行為，是一種公法上的公權力行政行為，抑或是私法上的民事契約或消費行為，民眾使用時之相對義務為何？及使用時權益之保障如何？便產生一定之爭議性。本研究探討公有路邊停車場與公有路外停車場之收費行為，從停車場法的規範意旨及行政機關與駕駛人間之契約形成過程與形成依據，以及是否有公權力介入等，探討其對價給付之本質，檢討該行政行為之內涵，進而釐清其行為屬性，並透過其屬性之確定，探討其適用之法律種類、彼此權利義務範圍、駕駛人權益保障程度、救濟管道與損害賠償責任等相關課題，以減少爭議。

關鍵字

停車收費；公有停車場；法律屬性

並列摘要

Pay for the parking is well accepted by the public under the concept of market economy. The charge for parking at government-owned public parking facilities arises some controversy issues because it involves the legal entity role and public law power of government. Whether the charge for parking is an administrative act of public law power or a private contractual act? What is the right and obligation of driver? How do driver's right be protected? This article studies on the legal essences of the charge for parking in government-owned public parking facilities by reviewing the intention of parking regulation, the contractual relation between driver and administration office, and the involvement of public law power. In order to reduce the arguments, the related issues of the right and obligation between driver and administration office, the protection extent of driver's right, the remedy channel, and the responsibility of compensation for damage will be identified.