情境式STEM探究教學提升國小學童STEM參與度、自我效能及探究能力效益

The Effects of a Contextual STEM Inquiry Teaching on Elementary School Children's STEM Engagement, Self-Efficacy, and Inquiry Ability

邱甯維(Ning-Wei Chiu) ； 魯盈讌(Ying-Yan Lu) ； 洪瑞兒(Zuway-R Hong) ； 許文怡(Wen-Yi Hsu)

《科學教育學刊》 29卷4期 (2021/12) Pp. 325-350

https://doi.org/10.6173/CJSE.202112_29(4).0002

摘要

本研究目的在探討經由「情境式科學、技術、工程和數學領域探究教學」（Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, STEM）提升國小學童STEM參與度、自我效能及探究能力之效益。本研究法以便利取樣，選取南部某國小某班23位四年級學童參與「情境式STEM探究教學」為實驗組，實施10週次30節「情境式STEM探究教學」，共包含三種教學策略：一、試誤學習：引導學生在嘗試錯誤中學習STEM；二、STEM任務導向教學：讓學生學習整合STEM學科知識；三、真實情境教學：讓學生以STEM知識解決生活情境問題；並選取同校另一班24位四年級學童，實施以老師講授為主的傳統自然科教學，是為對照組。除此外，為了瞭解實驗組學生在教學介入過程學習改變的歷程，再以立意取樣選取實驗組自然領域成績低、中、高各三位男女學童，並於教學介入後實施個別訪談。經由共變數分析及內容主題分析發現，實驗組學生參與「情境式STEM探究教學」在STEM參與度、自我效能及探究能力分數顯著優於對照組學生。學生沉浸在生活情境式STEM探究教學中，教師不斷的提問，學生必須提出證據來解釋原因，這種教學歷程對於學童的STEM參與度、自我效能及科學探究能力都有顯著的提升。本研究結果可作為國小自然科教師在實施STEM跨領域教學及相關研究之參考。

關鍵字

STEM自我效能 ； 國小學童 ； 探究能力 ； 情境式STEM探究教學 ； 參與度

並列摘要

The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to examine how a ＂Contextual Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM) Inquiry Teaching＂ course affects elementary school students' STEM engagement, self-efficacy, and inquiry ability. As the Experimental Group (EG), 23 fourth graders from an elementary school in Kaohsiung City were recruited to take part in the 10-week 30-hour course. The course implemented three teaching strategies: (1) Trail-and-error teaching, in which students learned STEM through trial-and-error; (2) STEM task-oriented teaching, in which students learned and integrated their knowledge of STEM to a variety of learning tasks; (3) Real contextual teaching, in which students learned to solve life problems based on their STEM literacy. In addition, 24 students were also conveniently recruited from another fourth grade class at the same school as a Comparison Group (CG), and were taught by a teacher using a teacher-centered teaching strategy. In order to understand how the course affected EG students' learning over time, we purposively selected three boys and three girls with high, medium or low scores in their science and technology subjects for individual interviews. Covariate analysis and content theme analysis showed that EG students' total scores on STEM engagement, self-efficacy, and inquiry ability were significantly higher than those of the CG. The findings of this study provide fresh insights for elementary school teachers who teach interdisciplinary STEM education.

並列關鍵字

STEM Self-Efficacy ； Elementary School Children ； Inquiry Ability ； Contextual-Based STEM Inquiry Teaching ； Engagement

參考文獻

張仁家、林癸妙(2019)。美國STEM教育的發展沿革與經驗—以俄亥俄州為例。科技與人力教育季刊，5(4)，1-25。doi:10.6587/JTHRE.201906_5(4).0001[Chang, J.-C., & Lin, K.-M. (2019). A review of the U.S. STEM education—The experience and praxis of the state of Ohio. Journal of Technology and Human Resources Education, 5(4), 1-25. doi:10.6587/JTHRE.201906_5(4).0001]

陳明秀、蔡仕廷、張基成(2016)。嚴肅遊戲之角色扮演與情境模擬對於學習成效之影響：以國小五年級碳足跡課程為例。教育科學研究期刊，61(4)，1-32。doi:10.6209/jories.2016.61(4).01[Chen, M.-H., Tsai, S.-T., & Chang, C.-C. (2016). Effects of educational role-playing and simulation games: Designing interactive carbon footprint curriculum for primary school students. Journal of Research in Education Sciences, 61(4), 1-32. doi:10.6209/jories.2016.61(4).01]

許瑛玿、廖桂菁(2002)。情境式網路輔助學習環境之研發與實踐。科學教育學刊，10(2)，157-178。doi:10.6173/cjse.2002.1002.03[Hsu, Y.-S., & Liao, K.-C. (2002). The development and evaluation of a web-based lesson with situated learning. Chinese Journal of Science Education, 10(2), 157-178. doi:10.6173/cjse.2002.1002.03]

湯維玲(2019)。探究美國STEM與STEAM教育的發展。課程與教學，22(2)，49-77。doi:10.6384/ciq.201904_22(2).0003[Tang, W.-L. (2019). Explore the development of STEM and STEAM education in the USA. Curriculum & Instruction Quarterly, 22(2), 49-77. doi:10.6384/ciq.201904_22(2).0003]

靳知勤(2007)。科學教育應如何提升學生的科學素養—臺灣學術精英的看法。科學教育學刊，15(6)，627-646。doi:10.6173/CJSE.2007.1506.02 [Chin, C.-C. (2007). A reflection on the science education of Taiwan—The voice from the elites in Taiwan. Chinese Journal of Science Education, 15(6), 627-646. doi:10.6173/CJSE.2007.1506.02]