奈米銀和奈米銀牙膏對牙周病相關細菌的影響

Effect of Nanosilver Containing Toothpaste on Periodontal Pathogens and Oral Bacteria

曾水坤(Shuei-Kuen Tseng) ； 王敏瑩(Man-Ying Wong) ； 劉謙美(Cheing-Meei Liu) ； 侯連團(Lein-Tuan Hou)

《中華民國牙周病醫學會雜誌》 12卷3期 (2007/09) Pp. 183-189

摘要

奈米銀是利用奈米科技將銀細小化到10-40 nm顆粒，以增加接觸外部空間面積。奈米銀的表層據報告會緩慢釋出帶正電荷的銀離子，而帶負電荷的細菌一接近，就會被吸附而破壞其細胞膜，促使蛋白質變性而死亡，進而達到制菌、抑菌之目的。本實驗的目的是研究測試一種含有奈米銀的牙膏對牙周病致病菌的抑菌效果。本實驗採用的菌種有牙周病致病菌1)Tannerella forsythensis FDC338; 2)Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans FDCY4; 3)Fusobacterium nucleacum ATCC25586; 4)Prophyromonas gingivalis FDC381; 5)Prevotella intermedia ATCC25611及一般細菌Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29523和Streptococcus sanguis ATCC10556。並以0.1% Chlorhexidine(CHX)爲正對照組，以二次蒸餾水爲負對照組。實驗採用的方法有1)Agar plate assay，2)Serial dilution method和3) Mixed method，藉由抑制圈大小，評斷是否有抑制生長效果。結果顯示，奈米銀牙膏和未添加奈米銀的一般牙膏，對牙周病致病菌和一般細菌均有抑制生長效果。結論：牙膏添加本實驗所採用的奈米銀並無明顯之抑菌加成效果，本實驗選取7種最常見之牙周炎及口腔菌種，應具口腔致病菌之代表。添加奈米銀效果不佳是否與奈米銀顆粒大小，處理過程是否真能釋放帶正電荷離子，仍須更進一步研究。

關鍵字

奈米銀 ； 奈米銀牙膏 ； 細菌 ； Chlorhexidine

並列摘要

Nanosilver was recently proposed to have same biological effect. Nanosilver was reported to release the silver ion with positive charge slowly and would bind to the membrane of bacterium carrying a negative charge. Upon contacting cell membrane with nanosilver, nano particle would cause protein denature of bacteria and thus kill the bacteria. The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of toothpaste containing nanosilver on periodontal pathogens and some oral bacteria. Bacteria included a) Tannerella forsythensis FDC338, 2) Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans FDCY4, 3) Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC25586, 4) Porphyromonas gingivalis FDC381, and 5) Prevotella intermedia ATCC25611 and general bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29523 and Streptococcus sanguis ATCC10556. The screening methods were 1) Agar plate assay, 2) Serial dilution method, and 3) Mixed methods. Chlorhexidine (CHX) solution, 0.1%, was used as positive control group, while distilled water as negative group. The results demonstrated that nanosilver-toothpaste and general toothpaste without nanosilver to suppress growth of all bacteria tested as that of CHX. Solution containing nanosilver only did not have inhibitory zone of agar plate. Nanosilver-toothpaste did not have additional effect of inhibitory zone of bacterial growth. In conclusion, general toothpaste possessed capability to inhibit growth of periodontal pathogens and other oral bacteria. Addition of nanosilver to general toothpaste did not increase extra-inhibition of there bacterial growth in culture. The reasons for this ineffective result should be further studied to check whether the nanosilver particles can be ionized and its interaction with bacteria.

並列關鍵字

Nanosilver ； nanosilver-toothpaste ； periodontal pathogen ； Chlorhexidine