Influences of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Scaffold Porosity on Bone Tissue-Engineering: Literature Review

雙相磷酸鈣支架材料之孔洞特性對於骨組織再生之影響－文獻回顧

林志浩(Chih-Hao Lin) ； 羅芷欣(Jyy-Shin Lo) ； 鄭琬蒨(Wan-Chien Cheng) ； 黃仁勇(Ren-Yeong Huang) ； 邱賢忠(Hsien-Chung Chiu) ； 傳鍔(Earl Fu) ； 江正陽(Cheng-Yang Chiang)

《臺灣牙周病醫學會雜誌》 13卷3期 (2008/09) Pp. 247-254

摘要

牙周病是因細菌感染造成牙齒周圍軟硬組織的破壞，而牙周病造成之齒槽骨破壞，至今仍爲治療上之難題。臨床所使用的骨引導材料包含自體骨(autograft)與異體骨(allograft)雖然都有相當程度效果，但自體骨有其取得上的限制與風險。雙相磷酸鈣(biphasiccal-ciumphosphate, BCP)生物陶瓷材料是一人工合成(synthetic)的骨修復材料。該材料由穩定相的羥基磷灰石(hydroxyapatite, HA)和可溶解相的β-三鈣磷酸鹽(β-tricalciumphosphate, β-TCP)雙相平衡優化得到。其具有生物相容性(biocompatible)及骨引導(osteoconductive)等特性，爲臨床上具有相當潛力取代自體移值骨。
支架材料的結構特性對於合成骨新骨的生長與其速率有重要的影響。其中巨孔洞(macroporosity)的主要是影響到細胞的長入(ingrowth)。而微孔洞(microporosity)所影響的是骨母細胞的支架材料上的附著(attachment)。孔洞間的連結(interconnection of porosity)是對於新骨的生成速率有正面的影響。本文藉文獻回顧來探討雙相磷酸鈣陶瓷材料的結構特性在骨組織工程對於骨引導能力的影響，並作爲臨床使用的參考依據。

關鍵字

雙相磷酸鈣 ； 巨孔洞 ； 微孔洞 ； 孔洞間連結

並列摘要

Periodontitis is an assembly of inflammatory bacterial diseases affecting the tissues that surround and support the teeth. It is a disease that involves continual loss of the surrounding bone that may eventually lead to loosening and loss of teeth if left untreated. Treatment modalities after periodontal breakdown and destruction are complex and challenging therefore grafts are often used as a treatment alternative for bone restoration. Autografts and allografts used to restore form and function after bone loss have varying degrees of success and carries significant limits and risks.
Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) bone substitutes from hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate(β-TCP) is a synthetic bone graft that is biocompatible and osteoconductive, which now one of the most hopeful alternative to autologous bone grafts.
The effect of synthetic graft on new bone growth is primarily determinde by scaffold architecture that includes macroporosity, microporosity, and pore interconnectivity. Macroporosity contributes to osteogenesis by inducing cell ingrowth. Microporosity facilitates bone growth into scaffolds by providing attachment accessibility for osteoblasts. Pore interconnectivity contributes to bone deposition rate. All of these characteristics has an important role in determining the rate and degree of bone growth. The purpose of this review focuses on the architectural characteristics of BCP for optimal osteoconductivity in bone tissue engineering, thus providing an ideal treatment modality for the periodontally involved patients.

並列關鍵字

biphasic calcium phosphate ； macroporosity ； microporosity ； pore interconnectivity