不同手部位置之伏地挺身肘關節受力模擬

伏地挺身被認為是一種適合訓練手臂與肩膀的運動，也相當適合運動選手與一般大眾，因此本研究目的主要為模擬人體以五種（自然位置、由自然姿勢雙手向外打開肩寬50%的長度、由自然姿勢雙手向內縮短肩寬50%的長度、由自然位置雙手向頭部方向往上移動15公分、由自然位置雙手向腿部方向往下移動15公分）不同手部位置做伏地挺身時，手肘關節之受力情形。利用一名受試者(23yr., 175cm, 73kg)之資料，透過AnyBody Modeling System之人體肌肉骨骼模型進行不同手部位置之模擬。結果發現在未考慮肌肉的因素下，五種手部位置所產生關節垂直軸向力則與內外側剪力有類似的趨勢。在考慮肌肉因素下，在關節垂直軸向力發現在手掌位置向外肩寬50%的長度(Apart)與手掌位置向上15公分(Superior)這兩個姿勢的起始動作即達到軸向力的最大值，且力量作用的方向與其他研究相反；在關節內外側剪力發現所有曲線的趨勢都是隨著身體越低，受力越大。建議曾經手肘周圍韌帶受過傷的患者，盡量避免手掌過於靠近身體之姿勢，以免過大的內外側剪力造成二次傷害。

關鍵字

伏地挺身；肌肉模擬；肌肉骨骼模型

並列摘要

Push-up exercise is considered a useful training method for both athletes and non-athlete publics in order to strengthen muscles of arms and shoulders. The purpose of this study is to simulate the elbow joint load during push-up exercises in five different hand positions, including normal position, apart position, together position, superior position and inferior position. One male was assigned as subject of this investigation (23yr., 175cm, 73kg). A three-dimensional push-up musculoskeletal model was built using the AnyBody Modeling System. Without considering the effects of muscles, a similar trend has been observed between axial force and medial/lateral force in the right elbow joint loading for five different positions of push-up exercise. On the other hand, the result indicates that while considering the effects of muscles, the maximal axial force appears on the initial posture both in apart position and superior position. Contrast with results in other literatures, apart position and superior position create an inverse direction of force: the lower the center of body is, the greater medial/lateral force to the elbow joint arises. To prevent a second injury caused by a comparatively greater medial/lateral force, those who suffer from elbow ligament injury are therefore suggested to avoid a push-up exercise position in which one's palms are placed too close to each other.