文化資本與學習成就之相關研究：以雲林縣國民小學六年級學生為例

A Study on the Relations between Cultural Capital and Academic Achievement：A Case Study of Sixth Graders in the Yulin County Elementary Schools

陳青達(Chin-Da Chen) ； 鄭勝耀(Sheng-Yao Cheng)

《新竹教育大學教育學報》 25卷1期 (2008/06) Pp. 79-98

https://doi.org/10.7044/NHCUEA.200806.0079

摘要

本研究探討不同個人及家庭背景變項如何透過三種不同形式的文化資本來影響學生的學業成就。主要的研究發現如下：1．家庭結構屬於與父親同住者，處於最不利的地位；2．父母親的職業為攤販的學生擁有相當高的具體化形式文化資本；3．性別為女性的學生擁有較高的具體化形式與客觀化形式文化資本；4．就讀於私立小學的學生擁有較高的文化資本，都市化小學次之，非都市化小學最低；5．擁有較高具體化形式客觀化形式文化資本的學生學業成就表現較佳；6．父親的制度化形式文化資本對學生的學習成就沒有顯著的預測力；7．對學習成就而言，具體化形式文化資本擁有最佳預測力。

關鍵字

文化資本 ； 學業成就 ； 布爾迪厄 ； 國民小學

並列摘要

The concept of cultural capital by Pierre Bourdieu preoccupies the research field of education and sociology for more than three decades. According to Pierre Bourdieu, the definition of cultural capital could be interpreted into three successive processes, embodied state, objectified state, and institutionalized state. In this study, we analyze the interrelationships among elementary school students' family backgrounds, cultural capital, and their academic achievement. After conducting a survey in Yulin country, we collect the data from 478 sixth graders of elementary schools there. Along with statistical analysis, we have the following seven findings: a. Students' family backgrounds are highly interrelated to their cultural capital, but just living with their dad is the worst situation; b. When their parents are vendors, the students possess more embodied state cultural capital; c. Female students own higher embodied state cultural capital and objectified state cultural capital; d. Students who study in private schools keep the highest embodied cultural capital and objectified state cultural capital, urban school students are second, and the suburban school students are the lowest; e. Students who possess higher embodied state cultural capital and objectified state cultural capital perform better in both examinations; f. Their fathers' institutional state cultural capital are hard to transfer to their academic achievement; g. Embodied state cultural capital is the best predictor to students' academic achievement and learning adoption.

並列關鍵字

cultural capital ； academic achievement ； Pierre Bourdieu ； elementary school

參考文獻

Alwin, D. F.,Thornton, A.(1984).Family origins and the schooling process: Early versus late influence of parental characteristics.American Sociological Review.49,784-802.

Bourdieu, P.,J. Richardson (Ed.)(1986).Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education.New York:Greenwood Press.

Bourdieu, P.(1991).Language and Symbolic Power.Massachusetts:Harvard University Press.

Bourdieu, P.,R. Arum,I. R. Beattie (Eds.)(2000).The Structure of Schooling-Reading in the Sociology of Education.California, Mountain View:Mayfield Publishing Company.

Bourdieu, P.,R. Nice, Trans.(2001).Masculine domination.Cambridge:Polity.