唐代家庭暴力中的虐兒現象－以唐律為中心之探討

The Phenomenon of Child Abuse of Domestic Violence in T'ang Dynasty-A Discussion Focused on T'ang-lu shu-yi

李淑媛(Shwu-Yuan Lee)

《興大歷史學報》 18期 (2007/06) Pp. 115-140

https://doi.org/10.29624/CHJH.200706.0006

摘要

本文以唐律疏議為焦點，試圖解釋古代家庭暴力中的虐兒現象。受虐兒問題，自古已然，於今仍烈，考其成因相當複雜。原因之一在於時代雖變，但傳統父權優勢之觀念未銷聲匿跡有關。欲探尋子女受虐現象，尚須追溯其傳統歷史文化背景來考察，方得一窺其貌。唐律素為中國傳統法系之代表，據唐律來研究與思考，尤顯刻不容緩。
傳統歷朝政府皆未有保護弱小之概念。唐律雖無專門法條針對受虐兒專文制法，僅能從分散條文中尋求蛛絲馬跡。但相較於明清律意在保障威權之尊長，造成「強者益強，弱者恆弱」落差懸殊之失衡現象。唐代律令顯得足彌珍貴。

關鍵字

唐律 ； 父權制 ； 家暴 ； 受虐兒 ； 婦幼 ； 教令權 ； 親子關係

並列摘要

Child abuse has been a severe matter in ages, and it still happens up to now. There are many possible ways to cause the violence; however, the main reason would be that conventional concept of patriarchal supremacy has never really disappeared through centuries. To investigate the origin of child abuse from the history is an approach to exam the problem in depth. The essay is based on the famous code ”T'ang-lu shu-yi”. Apparently, the ”T'ang code” represents Chinese legal family system in T'ang dynasty. The author tried to explain this domestic violence in the ancient China according to the T'ang code.
Looking back the history of law in ancient China, the past governments lacked the concept of protecting the minor, and especially when it was made by conventional male law-makers. The Ming-Ch'ing Code protected the prestigious and powerful, which caused ”the winner takes it all, the looser has to fall”. As a result, there was a gigantic gap in the society. Though without an exclusive law to prevent child abuse in T'ang, yet researchers could find clues from several unsystematic regulations. T'ang code is valuable and needed to be investigated with more effort.

並列關鍵字

T'ang code ； patriarchy ； domestic violence ； child abuse ； women and children ； rights of command and punishment ； parent-child relationship

參考文獻

余漢儀(1995)。兒童虐待－現象檢視與問題反思。臺北:巨流圖書公司。

()。

台大東亞文明研究中心(2005)。唐代的家庭暴力－以虐妻、毆夫為中心之思考。

高明士主編(2005)。東亞傳統家禮教育與國法（二）：家內秩序與國法。台灣大學出版中心。

律令研究會編(1987)。譯註日本律令七•唐律疏議譯註篇三。東京:東京堂出版。