本文旨在以業務統計體系為中心,究明二次世界大戰結束之後,國民政府如何接收臺灣殖民地時期的統計機關,整理並評價戰前的統計資料,據此重建戰後的統計制度,以及轉換戰前的統計資料做為己用等議題。行政長官公署秘書處下設立統計室,以李植泉為最高統計首長,留用日籍統計人員,展開戰前統計資料的整理,並在臺籍統計人員的幫助下評價戰前的統計制度。這些統計彙編在戰後統計人員有意識的操作下,轉化成為以中國視線出發的數字,幫助國民政府釐清戰前臺灣的各種資訊,與政權交替之間的變遷,也使戰前臺灣的統計體系更為中國統計界所知。此外,戰後來臺的統計人員參考總督府的統計規程,設計行政長官公署統計規程;參考總督府的報告例設計「業務統計報告表」;並藉助總督府時期統計人員之力,重建戰後的統計制度。可說,1945至1949年,是臺灣的統計制度清理過去,由舊秩序走向新秩序的階段,對日後統計制度的發展影響深遠。
The paper is focusing on Official Statistics, and purpose to make know that when the Second World War ended, the Nationalist Government of China how to requisition Taiwan statistics bureau, how to arrange and value the statistic materials and rebuilding a new statistic system, which those was remaining from Taiwa decolonized period. The Taiwan Provincial Governor's office set up statistics bureau under the Secretariat, which Li Zuchang being the highest statistic officer. He kept Japanese statisticians to arrange statistic materials of Taiwan decolonized period. They appraised the statistic system of Taiwan decolonized period by compiling the Statistics. The Statistics were transformed to China vision by Chinese Statisticians, which helping the Nationalist Government of China to understand the information about Taiwan, and the vicissitude when government was changed. In addition, Chinese statisticians designed the statistic rule by referencing the rule of Office of the Taiwan Governor-General, designing the report system by referencing the report system of Office of the Taiwan Governor-General, and rebuilding the Taiwan statistic system after second world war by making use of Taiwanese statisticians. In other words, from 1945 to 1949 is an important period, while Taiwan statistic system from a old system turn to a new system. And it is an important key point for the developing of Taiwan statistic system after 1949.