戰後初期臺灣公共圖書館的接收政策與執行（1945－1949）

圖書館是文化事業的一環，作為文化事業的表徵，其盛衰與走向常能反映一國政治、經濟情況，以及社會文化水準，是評估該國文化事業的重要指標。戰後初期臺灣處於大變動的時代，適值日本統治五十年的殖民結束，國民政府統治臺灣，此二套完全不同的政體，如何交替與變革的歷程，是臺灣現代史上至為關鍵的政權轉移、政制變革與制度的交接。戰後臺灣的文化政策，著眼於接收改制後，如何將臺灣從日本的殖民地，變成中華民國的一省，是這個階段文化政策的重點。而圖書館的類型中，以公共圖書館的服務對象最為廣泛，是最接近一般民眾的文化機構，也是影響層面最為深遠的文化事業。本文以戰後初期臺灣公共圖書館為中心，根據當時的官方公文、政府公報、統計要覽，以及報章雜誌與個人回憶錄等資料，深入探究國民政府當時的接收政策決策過程、接收工作開展，並剖析圖書館在戰後初期接收、改制過程中的角色、地位及影響，藉期瞭解臺灣公共圖書館在時代變局與政權轉換過程中之經歷、遭遇及其處境。研究後發現，戰後初期國民政府接收臺灣公共圖書館的政策制定，側重在「祖國化」的政策主導，加上當時社會不安、經濟困頓的情形下，圖書館經營的政治取向濃厚，僅從事接收硬體設施與查禁日文圖書，並無全盤性的考量與規劃。

關鍵字

戰後初期；臺灣公共圖書館；再中國化；圖書館史

並列摘要

Library is a circle of cultural business. As a culturally characterized business, its ups and downs and its trend are able to reflect politics, economics, and cultural level of a nation. It is a very important index of evaluating a cultural business for a nation. Taiwan was in a big change era in Post-War, and was just at the time of colonial withdrawal for Japanese had ruled 50-year and National Government ruled it. These were two different forms of government. The experience of how to make alternative and transform, which is the key of power transfer, political transform and system transition in the modern history of Taiwan. The cultural policy in Post-War Taiwan was emphasized on that how to make Taiwan become a province of Republic of China from Japanese colony after receiving and transforming. It was the key point of cultural policy in this step. The most wide service in library types is public library, it is a cultural institution which is the most closed to people and a cultural business which is the layer influencing the deepest. As center of this article is public library in Post-War Taiwan, it is a further study of the time that National Government made decision-making process and developed receiving work based on the official documents, government bulletins, statistics at the time frame. Besides, the article analyzes the role, position and influence of library in Post-War during the process of receiving and restructuring. It is expected to understand experiences, encounters and situations of Taiwan public library in the process of time change and regime change. It is found that the receive policy of Taiwan public library by the National Government in Post-War was emphasized on the leading policy ＂The Motherland＂. Running library was strong political orientation for under the situation of social unrest and economic hardship, and running library was only for receiving hardware facilities and putting a ban on Japanese publication, there was no comprehensive consideration and planning.