憂鬱症、焦慮症、以及焦慮和憂鬱共病婦女對負面情緒的因應

Coping with Negative Emotions in Women with Depressive, Anxiety, and Comorbid Anxiety-depressive Disorders

謝毅興(Yi-Hsing Hsieh) ； 何慧貞(Huei-Chen Ko) ； 林彥鴻(Yan-Hong Lin)

《台灣精神醫學》 21卷2期 (2007/06) Pp. 117-126

https://doi.org/10.29478/TJP.200706.0006

摘要

目的：本研究探討負面情緒引發如何影響憂鬱症、焦慮症及混合焦慮症與憂鬱症患者對人臉情緒的注意偏誤。方法：一百十八名參與者係出自參加產後憂鬱研究的婦女樣本庫，根據半結構式終生診斷晤談，將參與者分成單純憂鬱組、單純焦慮組、憂鬱與焦慮共病組、與正常組。利用情緒引發程序，操弄參與者的焦慮或憂鬱情緒狀態，緊接著測量參與者在注意資源分配作業的表現。結果：當憂鬱情緒升高，憂鬱組抑制對悲傷人臉的注意；當焦慮情緒升高，焦慮組和共病組表現出對快樂人臉的注意偏誤。結論：共病組在負面情緒的因應策略和焦慮組類似，但不同於憂鬱組我們提出一個模式解釋此結果。

關鍵字

混合焦慮與憂鬱 ； 注意偏誤 ； 情緒引發程序 ； 因應策略

並列摘要

Objective: This study investigated the effect of negative mood induction on attentional biases in women with anxiety, depressive, or comorbid anxiety-depressive disorders. Methods: 118 participants were selected from a subject pool established for postpartum research. Participants were divided into four groups: depressive only, anxiety only, comorbid anxiety-depressive disorders, and normal controls, according to the lifetime version of the Modified Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia. After procedures inducing either an anxious or a depressive state, attentional bias was measured using a deployment-of-attention task. Participants viewed an emotional face paired with a neutral face of the same individual, and were then required to identify on which one a colored patch had first appeared. The percentage of choices favoring happy, angry, or sad faces represented the selective attentional bias score for each emotion. Results: Attentional bias for sad faces was suppressed in depressed participants when their sad mood was evoked. When anticipatory anxiety was evoked, anxious participants and participants with comorbid anxiety-depressive disorders showed attentional bias for happy faces. Conclusion: In distress, individuals with mixed comorbid depressive disorders use the same coping strategy as individuals with only anxiety do. This differs from individuals with depression only. A model is proposed to account for the results.

並列關鍵字

comorbid anxiety-depressive disorders ； attentional bias ； mood induction procedure ； coping strategy

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